winters and summers of, 498; built on 

 tertiary strata, 739. 



London basin, illustrated strata of, 741. 



Longevity of mankind, 607, 608. 



Lonsdale, Mr., 670. 



Lophisdon. 745. 



Lowerz, lake of, 409, 410. 



Lowland, or ground level of Europe, 

 defined, 223. 



Lubec Bay, account of, 773. 



Lucretius, citations from, 178.271. 275. 

 295. 457. 571. 615. 



Lucrine lake, 403. 405. 



Lucullus introduced the cherry-tree, 

 568. 



Ludlow rocks, 669, et al. ; site of town 

 of, 678. 



Lunar observations of Flamste .d, 37; 

 influences examined, 86, 87 ; alleged 

 malign, 482. 



Lunardi, the aeronaut, 437. 



Lyell, Charles, his theory of thermal 

 springs, with an illustrative diagram, 

 273; his account of the flow of rivers, 

 283 ; of the force of river currents, 283 ; 

 his summary of losses at sea, 373, 374 ; 

 observations at Sheriagham, 395 ; at 

 Dunwich, 395, 396; on the Rhone, 398; 

 on the temple of Serapis, 405 ; on 

 earthquakes in Chili, 406; on the ab- 

 sence of heath plants in America, 558 ; 

 on the dissemination of plant-seeds, 

 566, 567 ; on fish of inland seas, 578 ; 

 on stray birds, 583 ; his principles of 

 geology, 615, 616; his geological re- 

 searches, 643. 657. 661. 684. 6*7. 731. 

 740. 742, 743. 750, 751. 773. 776. 786. 



Lyon, Captain, 528. 



Lyons, Gulf of, 450. 



Lyra, constellation of, 163. 



Macculloch, Dr., his geological observa- 

 tions, 419. 69.8. 633. 635.643.654,655. 

 659.661. 702. 777. 783. 



Madras, surf at, 350; description of a 

 morsoon Ht, 442 444. 



Maeander, river of, 282. 398. 



Maelstrom of Norway, 367. 



Maastricht, mososaurus found near, 735, 

 736. 



Magellan's voyage, 'ncident of, 520. 



Magnesian limestone, composition and 

 localities of, 711. 



Magnesite or meerschaum, 739. 



Magnetic needle, dip of the, 522 ; varia- 

 tion of the, 523. 



Magnetism is intimately connected with 

 el-ctricity, 522. 



Magnitude of the stars, 164, 165. 



Magnolias, region of the, 561 . 



Mairan, M., his observations on the au- 

 rora borealis, 528, 529. 



Malay islands, 591, 592 ; race, the, 603, 

 604. 



Malcolmson, Dr., 470. 472. 



Mal|>ais, a volcanic district in Mexico, 

 240. 



Malte-Brun, M., 579. 596. 610. 



Malvern Hills, the, 628. 645. 680 ; fatal 

 storm in the, 520. 



Mam Tor Hill, 407, 408. 



Mammalia, marine, 578 ; came after 

 reptiles, 637 ; class of, 591 ; list of fos- 

 sil, 638, 639. 



Mammifers, flying, 591. 



Mammoth, the, 753, 754. 



Man, reflections on his humble and yet 

 exalted nature, 166 ; his passiveni-s? 

 rebuked, 178 ; his position in nature, 

 595 ; animal inferiority and helpless- 

 ness, 595, 596 ; numerical distribution 

 of, 596 ; his food, 597, 598 ; varieties of, 

 599607 ; longevity, 607, 608 ; com- 

 parison of tribes of, 608, 609 ; migra- 

 tions of, 609, 610; fossil remains of, 

 759. 



Manatus Ameriranus, the, 578. 



Mandia lake, description and view of, 

 226. 



Mankind, heedless nature of, 410. 417; 

 unreasonable selfishness of, 434 ; adap- 

 tability of, to climate, 596 ; classed 

 by nature of food, 597 ; by com- 

 plexion, &c., 51)9 ; recent crea'tion of, 

 783786. 



Mantel), Dr., his geology of Sussex, 388 ; 

 his list of strata an it their animal re- 



1NDEX. 



mains, b36 ; his observations on the 

 perfect preservation of fossil animals. 

 639, 640 ; his geological observations, 

 677. 729, 730, 731. 735, 736. 

 Marble, statuary, its composition, 660, 

 661.677. 



Marcet, Dr., his analysis of sea-water, 



329. 

 ^areotis, lake of, 397. 



Marme plants, 548. 558 ; alluvium, 772. 



Mariners' lights, 520. 



Mariotte, M. his experiments, 263. 



Maritime or saline plants, 340. ' 



Mark, tower of St., in Venice, view and 

 particulars of, 521. 



Marley Hill, 679. 



Marmorice Bay, storm at, 479. 



Mars, the planet, 64 ; his distance from 

 the sun, 64. 90 ; once an object of fear, 

 89 ; varying distance of, from the 

 earth, 90; revolution of, round the 

 sun, 90; diameter, form, and volume 

 of, 90 ; physical constitution of, 90 ; 

 superficial appearances of, 91 ; analo- 

 gies of, with our earth, 91 ; inclination 

 of, to the earth, 104 ; relative density 

 of, 106. 



Marsh or swamp plants, 548, 558. 



Marshes and bogs, carburetted hydrogen 

 exhaled from, 545. 



Marsupial animals, family of, 589. 



Martial, epigram of, on Vesuvius, 423. 



Martigny.on the Upper Rhfme, 413415. 



Martineau, Miss, her visit to Niagara 

 Falls, 290. 



Mason Good, Dr., reflections of, 169. 



Massachusetts, surface of the State of, 

 has one quarter unstratified, 635 ; view 

 of erratic blocks in, 751. 



Mastodon, the fossil, 747. 754, 755. 



Matapan, Cape,- with Leuctra, view of, 

 198. 



Mather, Dr., 755. 



Matlock, 692. 694. 



waters, 269. 



Matter ejected from Vesuvius, Etna, the 

 Skepton Yokul, and Hecla, estimated 

 amount of the, 425, 426. 



Matter in the earth's centre, probably in 

 a state of fusion, 643. 



Maundrell, 482. 



Mauritius, the, 452, 453. 592. 



Mavaldi discovers nebulae, 180. 



Mayer's lunar tables, 44. 



Meadow or pasture plants, 549. 



Mechanical structure of rocks, 624. 



Mediterranean Sea, 326 ; its colour, 331 ; 

 its extent, depths, and peculiarities, 

 346348; is almost without tides, 357. 

 404 ; hot winds in the, 449 ; waterspouts 

 in the, 458 ; flora of the isles of, 560 ; 

 fish of the, 577. 



Meerschaum, or magnesite, 739. 



Megalonyx, the, 758. 



Megalosauri, 725. 



Megatherium, the, 614. 757, 758 ; skeleton 

 of the, 639. 



Melanic, or dark-haired races of man- 

 kind, 599. 



Melville Island, register of cold expe- 

 rienced at, 506 ; carboniferous forma- 

 tion in, 515 ; plants of, 547. 785. 



Meinnon, head of, 645 



Mendip hills, the, 692. 697 ; section of 

 the, 698. 



Mercury, the planet, 64 ; his distance 

 from the sun, 64, 65 ; is the smallest yet. 

 swiftest planet in our solar system, 64 ; 

 its extreme density, 64 ; length of its 

 days and nights, 64; inclination of, to 

 the earth, 104 ; density of, 106. 



Mer de Glace at Montanvert, 341 ; view 

 of the, 647. 



Meredith, Mrs., hei* account of a scirocco 

 at Sydney, 449, 450 ; of columns of dust 

 in the air, 457. 



Merrimac river, 776. 



Mesembryanthema, botanical region of 

 the, 562. 



Messier, M.,the "comet-ferret," 119 ; his 

 list of nebula?, 180. 



Messina, earthquake of, 433, 434 ; mirage 

 between and Reggio, 538. 



Metals, the various simple, 623, 624 ; lo- 

 calities and extent of the veins of, 633, 



634 ; localities of, in various rocks, 634, 



635 ; but origin of obscure, although 



797 



probably igneous, 635 ; found in the 



carboniferous system, GOO. 

 Metallic bases, 623. 

 Metamorphic, or primary system, 641. 



Meteor, a remarkable, in 1718, 131. 



Meteora. view of the granitic rocks of, 

 621. 



Meteoric showers. See Stars, falling. 



Mexico, Gulf of, 362. 591. 593 ; varying 

 climates of, 489. 492 ; atmospheric phe- 

 nomena seen by Humboldt in, 530 ; 

 when wheat first sown in, 567 ; abund- 

 ant crops of, in, 570 ; gold found in, 



Meyendorff, Baron, 324. 



Mica, 592 ; its nature, and where found, 

 623 ; used in Russia for glazing, 625 

 644. 659. 



Mica-schists, 641, 642 ; formations, 659 

 662 ; illustrated, 658. 



Michael's Mount, St., 388. 



Michael's, Island of St., boiling fountains 

 in, 271 ; its orange trees, 570. 



Michaelis, cited by Salverte, 522 



Micrometer, its discovery, loss, and re- 

 discovery, 32. 



Microscopic fossil animals, perfect pre- 

 servation of, 639. 



Middle ages, in Europe, a time of astro- 

 logical delusion, 4. 



Middleton Moor quarries, 677. 



Migrations of fish, 577 ; of tortoises, 579 ; 

 of saurians, 579 ; of birds, 583, 584 ; of 

 man, 594. 596, 597. 



Milan, Duomo of, 661. 



Milk Pond, New Jersey, 776. 



Milky Way, the, resolved by the elder 

 Herschel into an infinite number of 

 stars, 46 ; of which 50,000 occupied but 

 two degrees, 159; called by the Greeks 

 Galaxy, by the Romans, Via Lactea, 

 159 ; its position and aspects, 159 ; was 

 thought by some ancients to be a dis- 

 used path of the sun, 160; its true 

 composition conjectured by modern 

 astronomers, but first made manifest 

 by Herschel, 160 ; theory of the, 160 ; 

 diagram of, 161 ; its superior brilliancy 

 in the southern heavens, 159. 161 ; 

 apparently the outward boundary of 

 the solar system, 179. 



Miller, Mr., his geological observations, 

 681. 683,684. 



Millstone grit, 691 ; projection of, illus- 

 trated, 695. 



Milton, the Ptolemaic theory supposed 

 to be impugned by, -9; his lines on 

 Galileo's discoveries, 30 ; on the Milky 

 Way, 159 ; on the heavens generally, 

 192 ; cited, 267. 278. 291. 530. 632. 

 785. 



Mimosas, their beauty, 555 ; localities of, 

 563. 



Minasi, Signor, 540. 



Mineral springs, various, 276. 



Minerals, the various simple, 623, 624. 



Mines, high temperature in different 

 deep, 501 , 502 ; of Cornwall, 633 ; of 

 France, 634 ; of silver, 634 ; of gold, 

 634 ; of copper, 634 ; of Peru, 634 ; 

 usually formed in gneiss, 658. 



Mining operations, importance of geolo- 

 gical science in, 620. 



Miocene strata, 641 ; period, the, 639. 

 747749. 



Mique, village of, near Poictiers, appari- 

 tion of a cross seen at, 541 . 



Mirage, the, 227. 535 ; view of a, 536. 



Misenum, port, 423. 



Mississippi, sources of the river, 2K2 ; 

 varying colour of its waters, 283 ; its 

 periodical risings, 294 ; its width, 302 ; 

 course of the, 305, 306 : its tributaries, 

 306; floating island rafts in, 319, 3'20 ; 

 soil in its waters, 372 ; winds in valley 

 of the, 450. 



Missouri, springs of the, 279, 280; prai- 

 ries of the, 589. 



Mistral, the wind, otherwise Autun, or 

 Bise, 450. 



Mocesamus concentricus, shell of the, 

 638. 



Mole, idle legend regarding the river, 

 291. 



Mollusca, class of, 572 ; fossil, 637. 665, 

 606. 



