» INTRODUCTION. 



of which plants are made up, and their properties, are desig- 

 nated. 



2. Taaonomy^ or the Theory of the Classification of the 

 Vegetable Kingdom. 



3. Phytography, or the Art of describing Plants in a con- 

 formable manner. As apphcations of this art, we must con- 

 sider Descriptive Botany^ or the technical representation of 

 all the essentially different forms'of the Vegetable Kingdom ; 

 and Botanical Synonymes, or the knowledge of the different 

 names under which plants are mentioned by writers. This 

 latter kind of knowledge has a necessary connection with an 

 insight into the fortune and progress of the science, as well as 

 with mere book-learning in this department. The history 

 and literature of Botany are lience essential requisites. 



II. If we turn our attention to tlie internal structure, the 

 nature, and the principles of the plienomena of plants, these 

 lead us to the Natural Science, or Physics, of Plants ; which 

 has also been called the Physiology of Plants, Phytonomy, or 

 Phytology. This department again comprehends three prin- 

 cipal subdivisions. 



1. The doctrine of the structure of plants; or what has 

 been called their Anatomy ; — the Organography of De Can- 

 doUe. 



2. The doctrine of the composition of the constituent 

 parts of plants ; the Chemistry of Plants, or Phytochemy. 



3. The proper explanation of the manner in which plants 

 originate, grow, form their parts, and propagate themselves. 

 This is properly the philosophical part of Botany, or the true 

 Phytonomy. 



3. 



To these two essential parts, we may add the following de- 

 partments of knowledge, as more or less connected with them, 

 or derived from them. 



1. The before-mentioned History and Literature of Bo- 

 tany. These in no other science are so necessary as in this, 

 wliere we can only hope to attain a peifect acquaintance with 



