FOR iUKMS AND QUALITir-S. 39 



that it has aJniost the siime direction with it, it is hiiid to ho 

 appressus. 



When the upriglit direction is left {crectus), and the part 

 comes more towards the horizontal line, the direction is then 

 said to be spreading {patulus, patens), as in the branches of 

 Hirtelkglandulosa; (Tab. VII. Fig. 1.) 



In this case, an angle of about 45'^ witli the horizon and 

 with the perpendicular is described. But we may continue 

 to call the direction upright, although there should be 5^0** of 

 variation from the perpendicular. 



Divaricated (divaricatus), Avhen the direction is interme- 

 diate between the spreading and the horizontal, and even the 

 horizontal is frequently so named. But squarrose( sqicarro- 

 sus), is usually taken in a different sense, when parts, wliich 

 lie thick upon one another, raise their upper extremities on all 

 sides. 



Diver gens expresses the varying direction in general ; in 

 particular, it is often taken for patent'issimus. AVhen long 

 branches diverge, and are divided in a forked manner, they 

 are said to be arm-shaped {brachiatus). 



When a part is bent with its point towards tlie horizontal 

 line, it is said to be stooping or nodding {cemuus, nutans). 

 The latter is a higher degree of the former, and the direction 

 really changes then into the horizontal. 



When an organ, especially a stem, lies upon the ground, 

 it is said to be procumbent (procumbeiis). When it is first 

 somew^hat upright, and then is turned down, it is called de- 

 cumbent {decumbens). When it is quite horizontal, it is said 

 to be prostrate [prostratus). To this order belong also the 

 terms creeping (repens), and rooting {radicans) ; (Tab. VI. 

 Fig. 12.) 



An organ is called ascending (ascendens), when its lower 

 part lies flat, but its upper part is erect; (Tab. VI. Fig. 12.) 



That which lies under the earth, is said to be liypogcms, 

 as the cotyledons of the Walnut and Horse-chesnut ; epigaius 

 is that which comes up above the ground, as the other coty- 

 ledons. 



