64 NOMENCI-ATURE. 



tlie tube-form ; in compound flowers, it appears as a half 

 flowret {semi-Jlosculus) ; and in the Orchidege, as a small lip 

 {lahdlum). In the latter, the highest upright and open 

 leaves are, notwithstanding their colour, the calyx. The la- 

 bellum, in the Orchideae, extends downwards into an obtuse or 

 pointed sack, which is called the spur {calca?^) ; whilst an- 

 other small sack (perula), is formed by the prolonged base of 

 the calyx. 



96. 



A very frequent species of irregular corolla, is the ringent 

 and labiated {ringcns and labiata). We not only find this 

 form in what are called the Labiatae, but in many of the 

 Iridea^, Liliacea^, and Coronarije. In this case, the corolla 

 is composed, as it w ere, of two lips, one higher and the other 

 lower Qahium siiperhis and iriferius). The interval be- 

 tween both is here also called the throat {Jhux). 



If the two lips are so closely set to each other, that we 

 cannot see into the interior of the corolla, such a corolla is 

 said to be personate, or masked {per sonata, larvatd). The 

 elevated and arched part of the lower lip, receives the name 

 of the palate {palatum). The upper lip, especially when it 

 is arched, is called the helmet {galea). 



97. 



Compound flowers {Jlores compositi), are those which are 

 crowded together upon a common receptacle, and surrounded 

 by a common cover. They are particularly distinguished 

 from the aggregated flowers {Jlores aggregati), by the fol- 

 lowing circumstances : that in the former the antherae are 

 united with the flower, in the latter they ai'e free ; that in 

 the former there are five, in the latter four antherae ; that 

 in the former there are two stigmata, in the latter but one ; 

 lastly, that in the former the embryo is placed upright in the 

 middle of the albuminous matter, and in the latter it is in- 

 verted, whilst the albuminous matter itself is consumed. 



In compound flowers, the tube is the principal form ; the 

 tongue-form appears to be more imperfect, but very common. 



