GUI). II.] <28. AKNICA .MONTANA. lli.'> 



tween Grodno and Wilna. In France, Italy, nnd (ircicc, as 

 well as in Asia Minor, near Smyrna (30), it grows pretty 

 frc(]ucntly. 



Order II. 

 liudiata', ( Polygamia supcrjlua. ) 



Arnica montana, L. 



Fall kraut, Wolvcrley. — French, Tabac dcs Fosgt^v, Tabac 

 Savoymd-s. — Swcd. St Hanshlomster. 



This remarkable plant grows in open woods and on moun- 

 tain meadows. Its root is perennial, brown, of the thickness 

 of a quill, almost horizontal : it shoots out several root leaves, 

 which are opposite to one another, oblong or elliptical, entire, 

 set on both sides, especially on the upper, with sparse, crook- 

 ed hairs, ciliated, and furnished with five nerves. They pass 

 downwards into a short sheath-shaped leaf-stalk, which is 

 composed of- the two opposite leaves. The lowermost leaves 

 are from two inches to a finger in length, from an inch to an 

 inch and a half broad, rounded at the point, and commonly 

 they stand in pairs, one above the other. The simple, round- 

 ish, furrowed or angular stem, set with crooked glandular ci- 

 lia, and of the thickness of a pack-thread, rises from about a 

 foot to an ell in height. About its centre are two lanceolate, 

 small, pointed leaves, which embrace the stem on both sides. 

 Commonly' the stem is divided at the upper end, but frequently 

 also it remains simple, and carries a single large copper-yellow 

 coloured flower, of a strong, pecidiar smell. The common 

 calyx consists of four ciliated, lanceolate leaflets, which stand 

 in two rows. The ray-florets arc Ungulate, terminate in 

 three points, and are penetrated by nine parallel nerves. At 

 tlie entrance of the tube of tliese ray-florets are lour or live 

 free, short filaments, inserted in the floret, with the same 

 number of j»oinled, cm[)ly, evidently abortive anthenc. The 

 florets of the disc are tubulai', with a (ivc-lobed margin. The 



