

WLTHnoni.l SOflAL SrKKoUKl iIN(!S OTIIKK, KSKIMO. /lo 



Nviuter at the iiortlicrn villai^cs. One t:iiiiil.v wintcrf.l ;ii Nnwuk in 

 1881-'82, ami anotlicr at rtkiavwiu the lollowiiij;- winter, wliiic a wi.l 

 owerofthis "tribe" was als,, settleii there for the same winter, lias in- 

 man-ietl a wi(h>\v in Tlie vilia.^e. We olitained very hi lie deiinite infor 

 mation alM.nt tliese i)eoi.h' except that they <-auu' IVoni tlie s.uitliaiMl 

 descended the Col viUeHiNer. < )nr in vest i-at ions were remhacd dillieult 

 by the .-n.trn.ssiiio- nature ..f tlie work of the station, an. I the tioniili 

 we experienced, at hrst. in h'arnin.i;- enon-li of the lan.i;na.ue I,, iiiak. 

 ourselves clearly understooil. Dr. Siniiison was able to learn detinitels 

 that the homes of these people ar 

 them visit Kotzebue SoiuhI in tin 

 a portage between the Xnnatfd; 

 river to the Arctic Ocean.' I have been informe.l by the .•aplaiii of one 

 of the Anieriean whalers that he has, in dilferenf seasons, met the same 

 peoph' at Kotzebne Sound and the month of the (Jolville. We also re 

 eeived artitdes of Siberian tame reindeer skin from the east, which must 

 have come across the country from Kot/.cbue Sound. 



These peoid.-. dilVcr from the northern natives in some habits, whi.di 

 will be described later, and sj.eak a harslna- dialect. We were intormed 

 that in travclin,<;' «'ast after passing;- the mouth of the Colville they came 

 to the Kunmu'dlin ('• Kan.i;niali enyuin" of Dr. Simpson and other 

 anlli(U'S) andstillfnrtherotf ••a.uri-at<listanee" to the Kupiin or -(ireat 

 Kivcr"— the Ma<d;en/je— near the mouth ofwhicli is the villa-eofthe 

 Kupufiminn. whence it is but a short distance inland to th.> •• .lireat 

 h(mse" (iglu'kpiik) of the white m.Mi on the .uTcat river (probably Fort 

 Mac])her.s(.n). Beyond this we only heard confused stories of jicople 

 without posteriors and of sledges that run by themselves without dogs 

 to draw them. We heard nothing of the country of Kitiga'ru' oi' of the 

 stone lamp country mentioned l)y Dr. Simpson.' The Kufuufidlin are 

 probably, as Dr. Simpson l)elieves, the people whose winter houses were 

 seen by Franklin at Demarcation Point,^ near which, at Icy Eeef, I [ooper 

 also saw a few houses.-' 



As already stated, ('apt. K. E. Smith was inlbrmed by the natives 

 that there is now n., village farther west than Ilerschcl Islaml, where 

 there is one of considerable size. If he was correctly infornuMl, this 

 must be a new villa-e. since the older explorers who pa.ssed along the 

 coast found onlv a sum.ncr .•amj. at this point. He also states that he 

 found lai-e nundiers of ruined iglus on the outlying sandy islands 

 along the coast, espe.-ially near Anxiety Point. We have scarcely any 

 infonuatioii about these people, as the only white men who luive seen 

 them had little intercourse with them iu passing along the coast.° The 



< Op. cit., pp. 'iH iind 236. 



'Op. cit., p. aen. 



'S, ,.1 Kxp.. p. U2. 



' \M'th"lMil'i'li»lu-.Uuform:ltioii thoro is about tliPm from pcrsoii.il .ib.scTViil ion <-an 1„. fomiam Frank 

 tin,' Second Exp., p. U2, T. Simpson, N-arrative, pp. 118-123; ami Hooper, Touts, etc., pp.-...— ana 



