72 



THE POINT liAKKdW KSKIMC 



language sufficiently to lu- used as the nidiciil in connMmntl words such 

 as "tiba'xutikiVktfirn;," ■• 1 liavc a supply nf tobaccn." Tlicic is no 

 evidence, that anythinji' else was smoked l.eloiv tlic intiodn.'tion of 

 tobacco, and no i)ipes seen or collected ajipear older than (lie tiiije when 

 we know them to huA'e had tobacco.' 



HABITATIONS. 



The winter house (iV//«).— The ])ernianent winter houses are built of 

 wood^ and thickly covered with clods of eaith. Kach house consi.sts of 

 il .single room, nearly scpiare. entered by an und(Tiironn<l jiassage about 

 25 feet long and 4 to 4i feet high. The slo])ing mound of earth wlii(di 



Fig. 9.— Plans of Eakiiuo wiuter house. 



covers the liousc, grading off insensibly to the level of the groiiml. gives 

 the houses tlie ajijH'arance of V)eing underground, especially as the laud 

 on which they stand is irregular and hilly. Without very careful 

 nieasiu-ements, whii'li we were unable to make, it is impo.s.sible to tell 

 whether the floor is above or below tlie surface of the ground. It is 

 certainly not very far either way. I am inclined to think that a space 



\\-nrt\ for pipe, "kuinyu," lias been found to bo of Siberian origin. 

 ' 1 1 in origin of some customs of the Western Esliimos " (Amer- 



f which are still to be seen at the southwest eutl of the vil- 

 ied for timbers. Compare Lyon Journal, p. 171. where the 

 entirely constructed of the bones of whales, unicorns, wal- 

 filled with earth and moss. 



