«i-Ki""" 1 KAiAKs. ;5;{;5 



been ti,uiire(l and (lescrilicil hy imiiiy ;mlliurs. It is (iniic a^ lii;lii and 

 sharp as the Pdinr l!;i;ii)W nupih'l. Imt lias a Hal llnor. ilic liiliir licinu 

 aufriilar instead of nuiiidcd. an<l it lias (■(iiisidcial)i\ iikut sliccr in thf 

 deck, the stem and stern being iirolouucd into i<in.i;(urved |iiiints, uiiich 

 project above the water, and are often siiod witli hone <ir ixoi y. The 

 coaming of tlie cockpit also is level, <>r only sliglitly raised forward. 

 The kaiaks nsed in Haffin Land. Hudson Straits, ami l.aluadui are of 

 a very sinular model, but larger and licavirr. having the pnijcctiiii; 

 points at the bow and stern rather shoiiiT and i.'ss sharp, and tlie 

 coaming of the cockpit somewhat moie raised forward. Itolh of these 

 forms are represented by specimens and nunierons models in I lie iniiseuin 

 collection.s. I have seen one flat-floored kaiak at l*nin( I'.arrow. It 

 belonged to a youth and was very narrow and light. 



The kaiak in n.se at Fury and Hecla Straits, as desciibi^d by (ajit. 

 Lyon'' and Oapt. Parry- is of a somewhat different model. a|>pidacliing 

 that used at the Anderson River. It is a large kaiak:.'") feet long, with 

 the bow and stern sharp and considerably more bent uii than in the 

 Greenland kaiaks. but round-l)ottomed. like the western kaiaks. The 

 deck is flat, with the cockpit coaming somewhat raised forward." 



In the kaiaks used at the Anderson and Mackenzie rivers, as shown 

 by the models in the ifational Museum, the bending n\> of the stem and 

 stern posts is carried to an extreme, so that they make an angle of 

 about rSO'^ with the level of the deck. The bottom is round and the 

 cocki)it nearly level, but suflicieut room for the knees and feet is obtained 

 by arching not only the deck beams just forward of the cockpit, but all 

 of them from stem to stern, so that the deck sIojjcs away to each side 

 like the roof of a house. At Point Barrow, as alrea.ly deseribed. the 

 deek beams are arched only Just forward of the eoekpit. and the stem 

 and stern are not prolonged. This appears to be the jirevailing form 

 of canoe at least as far .south as Kotzebue Sound and is .sometimi-s used 

 by the .Malemiut of Norton Sound. At Port Clarence the hea\y. large 

 kaiak, .so conimim from Xortim Sound southward, appears to l>e in use 

 from Nordenskiold's description, as he speaks of the kaiaks holding two 

 persons, sitting back to back in the cockpit.^ The kaiaks of the south- 

 western Eskimo are, as far as I have been able to learn, large and 

 heavy, with level coamings, with the deck quite .steeply arched fore and 

 aft. and with bow and stern usually of some peculiar shape, as shown 

 bv models in the Museum. Si>e also Dall's tigurc (Alaska, p. I.").)'^ 



,,,", ,,,i:.:,, ,, 1 I .tu C'apt. Lyons rtescriptioii ri'ferfwl to .ilrav. 



,1 ,,,,,!, I,, ,1 , i : "'■■'■^e. lu lii.s.iounial lie speaks of the co,imini:o 



I,,,;,,,, ,l„,iit 'Mil. Im - lii.i:- : I'i; fill T'l 111 it i.1 aft, while from his fl<;ures the ditt'ereun 



ouriural myself in the .above eomparison simply to ih.- kaiaks used by uiiilonbtivl hskinio 

 v eaau.ll referenres to the kaiaks used on tlie Siberian euast by the Asiatle Kskmm aa. 



