INTRODUCTION. 5 



practitioner avails himself of this circumstance, in 

 order to judge of the existence of inflammation in the 

 deep-seated parts. The membrane covering this car- 

 tilaginous wall, is a continuation of that which lines 

 the windpipe, lungs, and intestines; therefore, by its 

 redness, or its paleness, it denotes the conditions of 

 those hidden structures. 



The Eye. — No horseman needs to be told how justly 

 he judges of the horse by the appearance and expres- 

 sion of the eye. The countenance of the human 

 being is not a surer guide to the temper of a man 

 than is the eye to that of the horse. We always like 

 to see a large eye in the horse, and one a little pro- 

 minent. The character of the eye is likewise to be 

 observed. If the eyelid swells or projects over it, and 

 gives it a sunken appearance ; that eye has been in- 

 flamed. If one eye is somewhat larger than the other, 

 inflammation has existed. This, however, will be dis- 

 cussed more fully in its proper place, when other mat- 

 ters concerning the eye will also be mentioned. 



The Frontal Sinuses.— In the ox there is a free 

 space under the forehead, and between the plates of 

 the skull, running from the end of the nose to the 

 very top of the horn. In the horse these cells, which 

 are termed sinuses, extend but a little way up the 

 forehead ; and behind them, a complicated plate of 

 bone defends the brain. 



The Ears. — Considerable attention is always paid 

 to the ears. They should be small, erect, and active. 

 A large and lop ear is a sad blemish; and generally 

 tells tales as to. the breeding of the horse and his 

 degree of activity. Some people have endeavoured 



b 3 



