176 THE CALIFORNIA 



superior article. Sunny exposures on the declivities of 

 hills must be preferred ; those especially which slope to 

 the south and east are the most favorable. 



The cocoons of mountainous countries are deemed 

 superior to those of the plains ; although not so large, 

 they are usually of a whiter color. Trees planted in 

 the hills are neither exposed to suffer from the early and 

 later frosts, nor are the leaves liable to become spotted 

 or diseased from mildew. 



One of the principal things we must have in view to 

 succeed well, is the preparation of the soil in which to 

 plant our trees. The soil, before planting, must be 

 thoroughly and deeply cultivated, because the roots of 

 the mulberry tree strike downward, and consequently 

 need a deep plowing. 



But, in regard to the preparation of the soil in Cali- 

 fornia, there is nothing better than the admirable ad- 

 dress of G. N. Sweezey, Esq., delivered before the 

 Northern District Agricultural Society at Marysville, on 

 the 4th of September last. I cut from the " California 

 Farmer " the following paragraph : 



" Having built my house and out buildings and done 

 my fencing, or before, if not prepared to fence, I would 

 in the mouth of March or first of April, with suitable 

 teams, proceed to fallow the lands I designed for my 

 orchard, vineyard, shade trees, grain, and pastures, at 

 least so much as I could conveniently put in the fol- 

 lowing fall and spring. In ploughing these lands for fal- 

 lows I should run the plough to the beam of subsoil, 

 which would be the best. The deeper these lands are 



