146 STRUCTURAL BOTANY 



flowering stem. In the axil of the innermost of the 

 ground-leaves, and therefore at the base of the young 

 flowering stem, we find a tiny bud (c, Fig. 55), with 

 only two or three very minute scales. This is 

 destined to develop into the next year's bulb and 

 stem. We find, then, that the White Lily bulb consists 

 of (1) the base of the old stem, bearing the remains 

 of its ground-leaves, (2) of the new stem which arose 

 in the axil of the innermost ground-leaf. On this 

 new stem the first leaves are the pointed bulb-scaleg 

 which never develop any further; then the ground- 

 leaves, which come up in autumn ; and lastly, the 

 stem-leaves, which can only expand when the flower- 

 ing stem develops next summer. The little bud (c, 

 Fig. 55) will repeat this whole process a year hence. 

 In vigorous plants more than one of these buds may 

 be formed, each giving rise eventually to a new 

 bulb. 



All Lily bulbs are not so complicated as this. In 

 the Turk's Head (Z. Martagori), for instance, there are 

 no ground-leaves, and consequently no scales formed 

 from their bases ; all the bulb-scales here are of the 

 pointed kind, i.e. they are all complete but simplified 

 leaves. 



The leaves of the flowering stem are arranged 

 spirally. The phyllotaxis is not very regular, but a 

 divergence of is common, i.e. if we trace the spiral 

 upwards, each leaf is in these cases separated from 

 the one next above it by f of the circumference of 

 the stem. 



The leaves are lanceolate in form, without petioles 



