GLOSSARY. 473 



PULMONATA, the order of mollusks which breathe by lungs; the 

 common Slugs and Snails are well known examples of the 

 tribe. 



PULMO'NIGRADES, the numerous tribes of Medusce or Jelly-fishes, 



which move by the contraction and expansion of the disc, 



and respire by the effects of the same movement. Lat. 



pulmo, a lung, and gradior, I walk or advance. 



PUP^E, insects in that state which immediately precedes their 



appearance in their perfect or Imago form. 

 QUADRU'MANA, the order of mammalia which includes the Apes 

 and Monkeys. Quadrus, a derivation of the Latin word for 

 four, and manus, a hand, as the four feet of these animals 

 may in some degree be used as hands. 



QUADRUPEDS, four-footed animals quadrus, from quatu&r, 

 four, pes, pedis, a foot. The term is restricted to those 

 that suckle their young; or, in other words, to the class 

 mammalia. 



QUARRY, the prey at which a hawk is flown. 

 RADIAL LINES, those which extend from the centre of the 

 Spider's web to the circumference, thus forming the radii of 

 the circle. 



RADIA'RIA, that division of the Rayed animals in which the 

 radiated structure is most conspicuous, as in the Star-fishes 

 and Jelly-fishes. 



RADIATED ANIMALS, or Radiata, one of the primary groups 

 into which the animal kingdom is divided. In them the 

 nervous system, so far as it has been observed, presents a 

 rayed or radiated arrangement. 



RAMIFICATION, extending or branching out in the manner of 

 the branches of a tree. Lat. ramos facer e, to make branches 

 or boughs. 



RAPTO'RES, an order of birds which includes the Falcons, Owls, 

 and other birds of prey. Lat. raptor, one who seizes, drags, 

 or takes away by force. 



RASO'RES, the order of " scraping birds." It includes the Hen, 

 the Turkey, and other barn-door fowl. Lat. rasor, one who 

 scrapes. 

 RETICULATED, presenting the appearance of network. Lat. 



rete, a net. The wing of the Dragon-fly is of this kind. 

 RETRACTILE, capable of being drawn back. Lat. retrahere, 



part, retractum, drawn or pulled back. 



RODENTIA, the order of mammalia known as the " gnawing " 

 animals, including the Hare, the Rat, and the Squirrel. 

 Lat. rodere, to gnaw. 



ROE or PEA, the name given to the mass of the ova of fishes. 

 &OTI'FERA, one of the two great divisions of the infusory ani- 

 malcules. Their name is derived from certain appendages 

 which present an appearance resembling that of wheels in 

 rapid motion. Lat. rota, a wheel, and fero, I bear. 

 RUMINAN'TIA, that order of mammalia which includes the Ox, 

 the Sheep, and other animals that chew the cud. Lat. 

 ruminare. 



