474 GLOSSARY. 



SACCHARINE, sugary; having the properties of sugar. Lat. 

 saccharum, sugar. 



SAURIA, an order of Reptiles, comprising the various tribes of 

 Lizards. Gr. saura, a lizard. 



SCANSORIAL, climbing. Lat. scandere, to climb. 



SCUTIBRANCHIA'TA, an order of molluscous animals which have 

 the gills protected by a shield. Lat. scutum, a shield, 

 branchice, gills. 



SECONDARIES, the feathers belonging to the wings of birds, and 

 which grow on the bones corresponding to those of the fore- 

 arm, or that part between the wrist and the elbow. 



SECONDARY ROCKS, " an extensive series of the stratified rocks 

 which compose the crust of the globe, with certain charac- 

 ters in common, which distinguish them from another series 

 below them, called primary, and from a third series above 

 them, called tertiary' 1 LYELL. 



SEDENTARY, remaining at rest, motionless, inactive. Lat. 

 sedentarius, from sedere, to sit. 



SERTULARIAN ZOOPHYTES, those which bear a resemblance to 

 miniature plants or flowers. Lat. sertula, a little nosegay, 

 wreath, or chaplet of flowers. 



SESSILE, sitting; used sometimes in contradistinction to pedun- 

 culated: thus the eyes of some Crustacea are sessile, while 

 those of others are said to be pedunculated, or on foot- 

 stalks. 



SILEX, the earth entering into the composition of flints. 



SILICEOUS, flinty; principally composed of the earth silex. 



SPIRACLES, Lat. spiracutum, a breathing-hole. 



STERNUM, the breast-bone, or the flat bone occupying the front 

 of the chest. 



STRATA, STRATUM. " The term stratum, derived from the Latin 

 verb sterno, to strew or lay out, means a bed or mass of 

 matter spread out over a certain surface by the action of 

 water, or in some cases by wind. The deposition of suc- 

 cessive layers of sand and gravel in the bed of a river, or in 

 a canal, affords a perfect illustration both of the form and 

 origin of stratification." LYELL. 



STREPSIP'TERA, an order of insects consisting of the family of 

 the Stylops. The term is derived from the Greek strepho, 

 to twist, and pteron, a wing; the first pair of wings being 

 absent, and represented by twisted rudiments. 



STURIONES, the family of cartilaginous fishes comprising the 

 Sturgeons. 



SUB-CAUDAL, a term descriptive of the situation of the pouch 

 of the Pipe-fishes, which is at the lower part of the body 

 and near to the tail. It is of course applicable to any other 

 object similarly situated. 



SUCTORIAL, sucking. Lat. suctus. The word is applied to 

 those tribes of insects that obtain their food by suction. 



SUPERINCUMBENT, Lat. super, above, incumbens, lying or 

 leaning upon: a geological term used in describing the 

 position of stratified rocks. 



