310 



PLOWS. 



posed of three plates, which are fixed over 

 each other, and the lower or under part of the 

 plow is composed of two plates, with other 

 pieces combined and connected, as herein- 

 after described. The first landside-plate and 

 the under plate are cast together, each in their 

 proper direction or position, which is nearly 

 at right angles. The lower part of the land- 

 side is so formed as to be of double the thick- 

 ness of the upper part, so that the upper part 

 may receive the cutter, which fits the sunken 

 part and rests on the projecting thickness, 

 .which forms an angle of about twelve degrees, 

 rising toward the back of the plow. At the 

 upper part of said angular line there is a groove 

 or cavity with a number of indents for the pur- 

 pose of receiving the hooked part of the cut- 

 ter, by which it may be extended at pleasure 

 when the wearing of the cutter requires it. 

 The cutter is a plate of steeled iron, formed to 

 the shape of the plow in front and of a thick- 

 ness so as to fill up the sunken part before de- 

 scribed. The under side of the upper part of 

 the cutter extends in a narrow form, having a 

 hook at the end, which bends downward and 

 catches in the indents before mentioned. 

 When the last-mentioned plate or cutter is in 

 its place it causes the surface of the landside to 

 be flush and even. Over the above-described 

 plates is placed another plate, which may be 

 called the " shelter-plate," as it receives all 

 the wear of the landside. It extends the whole 

 length of the plow and covers the unfler 

 structure. The front part partakes of the shape 

 of the cutter and recedes a little from it. It is 

 fastened either by screws or bolts, which make 

 the whole landside firm and secure. The plate 

 of the under side of the plow, which is cast with 

 the first plate of the landside, has on its upper 

 surface an indented groove, the indents of 

 which receive the hooked part of a straight bar, 

 which lies fixed in the groove and projects in 

 front of the plow and forms what is called the 

 " nose.'' This bar, as it wears in plowing, 

 may be extended and turned at pleasure. On 

 the right-hand side of the above-mentioned 

 groove there is a rising ratchet or toothed edge, 

 the indents of which prevent the under cutter 

 from shifting its situation when in the act of 

 plowing. The under cutter is formed of a 

 proper shape to suit the under part of the plow, 

 and is made either of wrought-iron steeled or 

 entirely of iron. The inner side is bent down- 

 ward for the purpose of catching in the ratchets 

 or teeth, before mentioned, when wanted to be 

 brought forward when it wears in plowing. 

 Toward the inner side of said cutter there is a 

 long perforation for the purpose of admitting 

 through it the staples rising from the cast plate, 

 which fastens the cutter by a key. 



The mold-board is a separate piece, and 

 made of cast-iron, having proper staples or 

 bolts in their proper situations for the purpose 

 of fixing it by keys or otherwise, or it may be 

 fixed by screws. 



This new construction . of a plow may be 

 adapted to any plow already in use, and the 



cutters may be made either of steel, wrought- 

 iron, or cast-iron. 



JETHRO WOOD, Poplar Ridge, N. Y. 



Plows. Sep. i, 1819. 



Claim, i. Constructing the part of the plow 

 heretofore and to this day generally called the 

 "mold-board," in the manner hereinafter men- 

 tioned. 



2. The mold-board, which is the result of 

 profound reflection and of numberless experi- 

 ments, is a sort of piano-curvilinear surface, as 

 hereinbefore stated, having the following bear- 

 ings and relations : 



3. An exclusive privilege in the inventions 

 and improvements made by him in the con- 

 struction of the cutting-edge of the mold-board, 

 or what may be called in plain language " the 

 plowshare." 



4. The exclusive right of securing the han- 

 dles of his plow to the mold-board and land- 

 side of the plow by means of notches, ears, 

 loops, or holders cast with the mold-board and 

 landside, respectively, and serving to receive 

 and contain the handles without the use of nuts 

 and screws. 



5. An exclusive right to his invention and 

 improvement in the mode of fitting, adapting, 

 and adjusting the cast-iron landside to the cast- 

 iron mold-board. 



6. The right of varying the dimensions and 

 proportions of the plow and of its several sec- 

 tions and parts in the relation of somewhat 

 more and somewhat less of length, breadth, 

 the thickness, and composition according to 

 his judgment or fancy, so that all the while he 

 adheres to his principle and departs not from 

 it. 



JOHN NASH, Middlebury, Ohio. Plows. 



Oct. 14, 1823. 



Claim. The manner of putting this plow 

 together by the loops or hinge, as also the 

 shoulder and mortise or box, and likewise the 

 sword or edge, in lieu of a colter. 



0. AND O. EVANS, Philadelphia, Pa. 



Plows. April 14, 1825. 



Claim. A self-sharpening share made of 

 one piece and secured on the under part of 

 the mold-board. 



GIDEON DAVIS, Georgetown, D. C. 



Plows. Oct. 1, 1825. 



Claim. 1. Believing that this mode or rule 

 of attaining a proper shape for the molding part, 

 or what is commonly called the "face" of the 

 mold-board of the plow, is an original inven- 

 tion of my own not heretofore used or ever 

 known, and that it is a useful and important 

 improvement in the plow, claim the whole 

 exclusive privilege of making, using, and vend- 

 ing the same to others to make, use and vend, 

 and that in all the variety of simple changes 

 that may be made conformably to the rule 

 heretofore described. 



2. The mode of connecting the landside to 

 the mold-board bv a rib, as here described. 



