164 LIGUUS. 



f. A-G (teeth); pi. 4, f. G (genitalia). BLAND, t. c., p. 198. von 

 MARTENS, Jahrb. d. D. Malak. Ges. iv, 1877, p. 3G2-367. CROSSE 

 & FISCHER, Miss. Scient. Mex., Moll., p. 436. BINNEY, Ann. New 

 York Acad. Sci. iii, p. 129, pi. 12, f. A (dentition) CROSSE, Jour- 

 nal de Conchyl. xxxix, 1891, pp. 129, 204 (with var. sinistralis 

 Maltzan, Ms.). Achatina virginea varieties 2, 3, 4, SWAINSON, Zool. 

 Illustr. iii, pi. 122, 123 (1822). Achatina (Liguus) virginea MAR- 

 TENS in Alb., Die Hel., 1860, p. 207 Pseudotrochus virgineus H. & 

 A. ADAMS, Gen. Rec. Moll, ii, p. 135, pi. 73, f. 8a. 



Achatina vexillum Humph., DEKAY, Zool. of New York, pte v, 

 Moll., p. 56, pi. 4, f. 56. 



Achatina emarginata SAVAINSON, Zool. Illustr. ii, pi. 84, upper and 

 lower figures (1821). PFR., Monogr. ii, p. 256 Ilotia virginea and 

 puellaris BOLT., teste Pfr Chersina vittata HUMPHREY, Mus. 

 Calonnianurn, p. 62 (1797). 



Pre-Linnean illustrations: Lister, Historia Conch., pi. 15, f. 10. 

 Buonanni, f. 66 ; Argentville, pi. 65, f. G 1, G 3, G 4, G 5. Klein, 

 pi. 7, f. 116 (copied from Lister). Petiver Gazophylacii, pi. 22, f. 

 11 (copied from Lister). Gualtieri, pi. 6, f. A. Seba, Thesaurus 

 iii, pi. 40, f. 38. Schroter, Geschichte der Flussconchylien, p. 337, 

 pi. 8, f. 3, 4. 



L. virgineus differs from L. fasciatus in the shorter columella, 

 strongly concave above and more abruptly truncated below, and in 

 being more trochiform. The columella is strongly sinuous within the 

 last whorl, and there is frequently a short callous ridge well within 

 the aperture on the basal wall. The positions of the four blackish 

 bands, when they are present, is always the same, and the dark green 

 (or purple) super-peripheral band, ending in a slight notch in the lip, 

 is also fix e^ in position when present. The green band is purely 

 cuticular, and when rubbed off, a purple one is seen in the substance 

 of the shell beneath it. The number of band combinations, if one 

 descends to minutias and transition forms, is considerable ; but the 

 chief patterns are noticed below. The variation in width of the shell 

 is largely independent of color-pattern. 



I. With a super-peripheral green band terminating in a notch at 

 the lip-edge. 



la. One green band and some faint yellow ones ; aperture 

 white within (figs. 58, 59). This is Achatina emargi- 

 nata of Swainson. It occurs at Jacmel. 



