ODONTOSTOMINJE. 2f> 



cardium, while in Pupidce the kidney is very long ; and by the ab_ 

 sence of accessory organs upon the penis, such as are general if not 

 universal in the true Pupidce, as well as in some related families. 



Material for any adequate consideration of the soft anatomy of the 

 Odontostomina is not available ; but there exist some data upon 

 Anostoma ringens, (dissected by Fischer), Macrodontes odotitusto-nms 

 and Odontostomus (Spixia) punctatissimus (dissected by myself from 

 specimens supplied by Dr. von Ihering), and upon Ptagiodontes (ex- 

 amined by Dr. A. Doering). 



The jaw, though rather thin, is of the smooth type in Anostoma 

 (pi. .5, f. 32, 33) and Macrodontes (fig. 37). In Odontostomus, sub- 

 genera Spixia (pi. 5, fig. 30) and Plagiodontes, it is plaited, with 

 shortly free, over-lapping edges, as in Bulimulus. 



The dentition is that of ground snails. It Anostoma (pi. 5, fig. 39) 

 and Macrodontes (fig. 38) the central and lateral teeth have no side 

 cusps, the marginals have an ectocone developed ; the basal-plate 

 being short in the former genus, long in the latter. In Odontos- 

 tomus punctatissimus (pi. o, fig. 31) ectocones are developed on all 

 teeth, and split on the marginals. The enlarged mesocones sug- 

 gest partially arboreal habits in this species ; but they are not so 

 enlarged in 0. (Plagiodontes) dentatus. The dentition and jaw of 

 Anostoma and Macrodontes are rather aberrant fir this family, but in 

 Odontostomus these organs are normal. 



The free muscles are similar in Macrodontes, Bulimulus (pallidior) 

 and Oxystyla ; the right and left ocular and pedal retractor and the 

 columellar muscle (tail retractor) being free to their common prox- 

 imal insertion, while the buccal retractor is united with the left 

 ocular for an extremely short distance. 



The pallial organs have been examined in Macrodontes and 

 Odontostomus only. In both, the exceedingly short, triangular kid- 

 ney is like that of Bulimulus, Oxystyla, etc.; and as in other groups 

 of land snails, the length of the kidney bears no constant relation to 

 that of the lung, but should be compared with the length of the 

 pericardium. The secondary ureter seems to be closed in 0. punc- 

 tatissimus, but open and merely a slightly differentiated band in 

 Macrodontes. In 0. punctatissimus (pi. 15, fig. 26, kidney at k) the 

 lung is exceedingly long and narrow, even more so than usual in 

 Oyxstyla and Bulimulus ; there is but one pulmonary vein, or if 

 others are present they are minute, the cardiac side of the lung having 



