104 HYPERAULAX. 



Length 22, diam. 15, length of aperture 13J mill. (Jouss., type of 

 ouvieri). 



Fernando Noronha Island, imbedded in sandy mud on a raised reef 

 at Tobacco Point (G. A. Ramage). 



Bulimus (Tomigerus} ramagei E. A. SMITH, Journ. Linn. Soc. 

 (Lond.), xx, Zoology, p. 500, pi. 30, f. 8 (1890.) Bonnanius bou- 

 vieri JOUSSEAUME, Bull. Soc. Philomathique de Paris (ser. 9), ii, p. 

 39, pi. 1, f. 19 (1900). 



Turbine, in cui la prima voluta e straordinariamente rigonfia : ha 

 bocca prodigiosa per i quattro dente, che formano il buco, come di 

 serratura tedesca. E' bianco dentro, castagnino fuori BUONANNI, 

 Ricreatione dell' Occhio e della Mente, parte seconda, p. 185, f. 44 

 (1681); Latin edition, BONANNUS, Recreatio Mentis et Oculi (1684), 

 p. 118, f. 44 ; Museum Kircherianum, classis xii, p. 452, f. 44 (1709). 

 Bonnanius bonnanius JOUSSEAUME, Bull. Soc. Philomath. (9 ser.), 

 ii, p. 41 (1900), based upon Buonanni's figures and description. 



Mr. Smith describes this species as having four white bands on 

 the body-whorl, which agrees with the specimen before me (f. 60), 

 from coll. G. H. Clapp ; but his figure (f. 62) shows five bands. 

 Two only of the twenty specimens examined by Smith exhibit any 

 variation in the teeth of the aperture, these wanting the two parietal 

 denticles. There is considerable variation in size. 



The Bonnanius bouvieri of Jousseaume (pi. 11, fig. 61) is clearly 

 the same species, differing only in the longer fold within the outer 



iip. 



Although introduced into scientific zoology by Mr. E. A. Smith in 

 1890, this species was first described and figured by a far earlier 

 conchologist. 



Making reasonable allowance for bad drawing, the Turbine no. 44, 

 figured by the worthy Jesuit, Father Buonanni, in 1681, is evidently 

 Smith's B. ramagei. The island Fernando Noronha was discovered 

 by Amerigo Vespucci in 1503, his vessel lying there some eight days, 

 with abundant and duly improved opportunity for observing the pro- 

 ductions of the island, as we learn from his account of the voyage. 

 It is thus quite likely that the specimen treasured in the collection 

 of the Roman College of the Society of Jesus was collected and 

 brought home by Vespucci or some of his crew. Neither Linnaeus 

 nor Gmelin seem to have noticed the thrice-published figure of Bon- 

 annus. It was M. Jousseaume, in 1900, who first called attention to 



