CASTRATION OF CRYPTORCHIDS 21 



seized and forcibly brought out through the 

 wound. Having passed through the internal ring, 

 the gland is covered by the cremasteric fascia or 

 tendon and by the parietal peritoneum, which are 

 to be incised as soon as brought to view, and the 

 testicle laid bare. It is to be noted that in all 

 cases of abdominal cryptorchidism, including 

 those we have mentioned where the epididymis 

 has descended into the scrotum, the testicle, when 

 brought out, is naked; while in inguinal cryptor- 

 chidism, the testicle is inevitably brought out 

 covered by the cremasteric structures and the 

 parietal peritoneum. 



Locating the Internal Inguinal Ring. — 

 Encountering neither gubernaculum, epididymis 

 or testicle in the inguinal region, the operator 

 should search for and locate the internal abdom- 

 inal ring, whether he designs to penetrate it or 

 not, as it constitutes the immediate, logical guide 

 to the location of the testicle. 



This ring may usually be recognized in the 

 cryptorchid horse, as an elliptical slit, appearing 

 to the touch as about three-fourths to one and 

 one-fourth inches long by one-half inch wide, 



