264 STABLE MANUAL AND HORSE DOCTOR 



course, even after ulceration has displayed itself, both the 

 inflammatory and ulcerative processes subside down to a 

 state almost of total inactivity. The Schneiderian mem- 

 brane ^rows pallid, acquires a leaden hue, and the ulcerations 

 upon it lose their prominent red-streaked borders, and 

 exchange their rugged bleeding bases for comparatively 

 smooth and livid bottoms, throwing up a glass-like reflection 

 from the lymphy matters covering them. It is evident, the 

 moment the nose is inspected, that the disease exists in the 

 sub-acute form ; how long it may continue so is very 

 uncertain. It will not visibly impair the health, nor affect 

 the appetite or spirits, so long as it does remain. The 

 moment, however, anything occurs to derange the health, 

 or even after a certain time — after a month, or two, or 

 three — without any apparent superadded cause, we may 

 expect the acute disease to supervene, and then the 

 destruction of the patient's health commences, and is 

 speedily consummated in death. 



Chronic Glanders consists simply in a discharge from the 

 nose, oftener from one nostril than from both, accompanied 

 by enlargement of the correspondent gland or glands. 

 Symptomatically it differs from the acute and sub-acute 

 diseases in the absence of anything like inflammation or 

 vascular injection, or chancre, or, in fact, of any perceptible 

 change whatever in the aspect of the Schneiderian membrane 

 denoting morbid activity. All is as usual in the appearance 

 of parts, and in the animal's health and spirits and appetite ; 

 nothing whatever seems amiss, save the flux from the nose 

 and the submaxillary tumefaction. And in this state, as 

 we have recently observed, the horse may continue for years. 



Chronic glanders appears sometimes as the sequel of other 

 disease in the air-passages and lungs. It mostly attacks its 

 victim in a mild and masked form. The horse is thought 

 to have caught cold ; and no suspicion, perhaps, is aroused 

 to the contrary until it comes to be discovered that this 

 " cold " is lasting a great w^hile longer than it ought to 

 endure, and that it resists all means of cure. The horse's 

 ordinary spirits and looks and appetite are not in the 

 slightest degree impaired. He works as cheerfully as ever ; 

 but all the time he has a discharge from one nostril. 



No cough accompanies real glanders in any of its stages ; 

 and this, though a negative piece of information, should be 

 taken as a criterion not to be neoflected. 



