THE HORSE IN SICKNESS AND DISEASE 299 



3 drachms ; cubebs, half an ounce ; powdered cantharides, 

 3 grains. Mix. A solution of sulphate of copper, blue 

 vitriol, or the muriate of barytes, once supposed to be 

 a specific for glanders, introduced in small quantities into 

 the water the horse drinks — two drachms of the salt to a 

 quart of water — may be put in the pail or bucket. The 

 steam vaporiser, for steaming the nostrils, is also to be 

 recommended. 



DISORDERS OF THE PHARYNX. 



The organs of swallowing may be injured by the practice 

 of giving balls, especially when they are large or hard. A 

 morbid state of the pharynx is thereby induced, which 

 renders deglutition difficult, and sometimes impossible ; the 

 lower part of the pharynx acquiring a morbid irritability, 

 which causes it to contract upon the approach of the food, 

 and return it into the nostrils, or into the mouth, where it 

 is often remasticated, and at length thrown out into the 

 manger like a quid of tobacco. Such horses have been 

 named " quidders " by dealers, and are considered of little 

 or no value ; such cases are often incurable, and sometimes 

 so because not understood. Were the horse, in the early 

 stage of the disease, kept a few weeks on gruel and bran 

 mashes, and then turned to grass, the muscles of deglutition 

 would sometimes gradually recover their lost power. 



CHAPTER XIX 

 THE HORSE IN SICKNESS AND DISEASE 



DISEASES OF THE AIR-PASSAGES — BRONCHITIS — PLEURISY- 

 INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS — ROARING — THICK WIND 

 — BROKEN WIND — SPASM — STRANGLES, ETC. 



In considering the important class of disorders which attack 

 the organs of breathing in the horse, we shall divide the 

 inflammatory affections of the air-passages into three 

 sections; a division justified by recent discoveries and the 

 improvements of modern practice, thus : 



