NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION. 195 



a secondary growth of trees, mingled with older species of the acer 

 saccharinuni, elm, and oak. 



The next day, after traversing this coast twenty miles further, 

 we reached and passed up Sturgeon Bay, to a portage path lead- 

 ing to Lake Michigan. This path begins in low grounds, where 

 several of the swamp species of plants occur. On reaching the 

 open shores of Lake Michigan, the wind was found strongly 

 ahead, and we were compelled to encamp. At this spot we found 

 several species of madreperes, and some other organic forms, 

 among the shore debris. The next day the wind abated, and, 

 agreeably to the estimate of Capt. Douglass, we advanced along 

 the shore, southwardly, forty-six miles. The day following, we 

 made forty miles, and reached the River Manitowakie,* and en- 

 camped on the lake shore, five miles south of it. 



In passing along the lake shore this day (25th), we observed it 

 to be strewed abundantly with the carcasses of dead pigeons. This 

 bird, we were told, is often overcome by the fatigue of long flights, 

 or storms, in crossing the lake, and entire flocks drowned. This 

 causes the shores to be visited by great numbers of hawks, eagles, 

 and other birds of prey. The Indians only make use of those 

 carcasses of pigeons, as food, when they are first cast on shore. 



The next day the expedition passed the mouth of the Sheboi- 

 gan River, a stream originating not remotely from the banks of 

 Winnebago Lake, with which, as the name indicates, there is a 

 portage or passage through.f Pushing forward with every force 



* From Manila, a spirit, auk, a standing or hollow tree that is under a myste- 

 rious influence, and the generic inflection ie, which is applied to vital or animate 

 nouns. A town, at present, exists at the spot called Mauitoowoc. It is the shire 

 town of a county of the same name in Wisconsin ; it has a good harbor, and by the 

 census of 1850 contains four churches, twelve stores, two steam mills, two ship- 

 yards, a newspaper, post-office, and 2,500 inhabitants. We found the site inhabited 

 by a villnge Monomonees of six lodges. 



j- Shebiau, is to look critically ; shebiabunjegun, a spy-glass or instrument to look 

 through. Sheboigan appears to have its termination from the word gan, a lake, 

 and the combination denotes a river, or water pass from lake to lake. This place 

 is now (1854) a town and county site of Wisconsin. The county was organized in 

 1839, and by the last census has seven churches, two newspapers, 624 pupils at 

 schools, and a population of 8,o79. The town of this name contains 2,000 inhabi- 

 tants. It is 02 miles N. from Milwaukie, and 110 N. E. from Madison, the State 

 capital. It has a plank road of 40 miles to Fond du Lac, and is noted for its lumber 

 trade. 



