SI 6 APPENDIX. 



Huron from Michilimackinac, and which continues, with inter- 

 ruptions of water only, from Detour to Drummoncl Island, and 

 the Manatoulines, is to be noticed up the straits as high as Isle a 

 la Crosse, where the last locality of a pure carbonate of lime 

 appears to occur. The island of St. Joseph is chiefly primitive 

 rock, and its south end is heavily loaded with granitic, porphy- 

 ritic, and quartz boulders. The north shores of the river, oppo- 

 site and above this island, are entirely of the granitic series, 

 which continues to Gros Cape of Lake Superior. On reaching 

 the Neheesh* or Sailor's Encampment Island, sandstone rocks of 

 a red color present themselves, and are found also on the Ameri- 

 can side of the river, and continue to characterize it to the Falls, 

 or Sault de Ste. Marie,t and to Point Iroquois and Isle Parisien 

 in Lake Superior. 



The Sault of St. Mary's is upon and over this red sandstone. 

 The river makes several successive leaps, of a few feet at a time, 

 in its central channel, falling, altogether, about twenty -two feet in 

 half a mile. This gives it a foaming appearance, and the volume 

 pours a heavy murmur on the ear.:}: It is, of course, a complete 

 interruption to the navigation of vessels, which can, however, 

 come to anchor near its foot, while barges may be pushed up, 

 empty, on the American shore. The water-power created by 

 such a change of level, is such as must commend the SDot, at a 

 future period, to manufacturers, lumbermen, and miners. The 

 foot of these falls is heavily incumbered, both with masses of the 

 disrupted sand-rock§ and granitic and conglomerate boulders. 



Red Sandstone of Lake Superior. — That this is the old red 

 sandstone, may be inferred simply from the fact that, although 



* strong water. 



■j- Reached somewhere about 1641, by the French missionaries. 



X lu 1825, Lieutenant Charles F. Morton, U. S. A., sent to ray office a mass of 

 this red sand rock, of about twelve inches diameter, perfectly round and ball-shaped, 

 which he had directed one of the soldiers to pick up, in an excursion among the 

 islands of the lower St. Mary's. This ball was a monument of that physical throe 

 •which had originally carried this river through the sandstone pass of St. Mary's, 

 having been manifestly rounded in what geologists have called "a pocket hole" in 

 the rock at the falls, and afterwards carried away, with the disrupted rocks, down 

 the valley. 



g The Indians call it Pauwateeg (water leaping on the rocks), when speaking of 

 the phenomenon, and Pawating, when referring to the place of it. 



