540 APPENDIX. 



This cliannel, and, indeed, the entire course of the river up to Lake 

 Superior, is the line of juxtaposition between the rocks of elder 

 and the secondary epoch. At the extreme foot of Sugar Island 

 occurs the remains of a stratum of the sandstone era, consisting 

 of white quartz filled with coarse red jasper pebbles. I observed 

 remains of this stratum of remarkable rock, which have been 

 broken off and swept away in the basin of Lake Huron, depo- 

 sited in boulder masses, on its southern shores. 



The sandstone of St. Mary's is, structurally, brittle, fissile, and 

 worthless, as a building material. Its substructure is complicated 

 and made up of thin layers exactly deposited, as if from watery 

 suspension, but deposited without disturbance. These sub-layers 

 of construction, are sometimes cut off by parallel lines at right 

 angles, or by new series of layers diagonally formed, or in eche- 

 lon. 



3. INDIAN TRIBES. 



VIII. 



CONDITION AND DISPOSITION. 



1. Official Re]}ort of an Expedition through Tipper Michigan and 

 Northern Wisconsin in 1831. 



Sault Ste. Marie, Sept. 21, 1831. 



Sir : In compliance with instructions to endeavor to terminate 

 the hostilities between the Chippewas and Sioux, I proceeded into 

 the Chippewa country with thirteen men in two canoes, having 

 the necessary provisions and presents for the Indians, an inter- 

 preter, a physician to attend the sick, and a person in charge of 

 the provisions and other public property. The commanding 

 officer of Fort Brady furnished me with an escort of ten soldiers, 

 under the command of a lieutenant; and I took with me a few 

 Chippewas, in a canoe provided with oars, to convey a part of the 

 provisions. A flag was procured for each canoe. I joined the 

 expedition at the head of the portage, at this place, on the 25th 

 of June ; and, after visiting the Chippewa villages in the belt of 

 country between Lake Superior and the Mississippi, in latitudes 

 44° to 46°, returned on the 4th of September, having been absent 



