58 MAGNOLIACE^. Schlzandra. 



Tkibe I. SCHIZANDRE^. Flowers monoecious or dioecious, often 5-merous. 

 Carpels baccate, spicate or capitate. More or less climbing shrubs, hardly aromatic : 

 no stipules. 



1. SCHIZANDRA. Flowers monoecious, small. Sepals and petals together 9 to 12 with 

 gradual passage, more commonly 5 of each with quincuncial {estivation. Male flowers with 

 5 to 15 monadelphous stamens : anther-cells bordering the connective. Female flowers with 

 a head of 2-ovulate carpels, which in fruit become berries and sparsely spicate on the then 

 elongated and filiform receptacle. Seed'reniform, with crustaceous coat. 



Tkibe II. WIXTERE.3S. Flowers hermaphi'odite. Carpels in a simple whorl, or 

 oi^ly one. Erect trees or shrubs, highly spicy-aromatic, with evergreen leaves and 

 no stipules. 



2. ILLICIUM. Sepals 3 to 6, membranaceous, caducous. Petals 9 to 30. Stamens 6 (or 

 even 5) to 40 : anthers with oblong and contiguous iutrorse cells, nearly as long as the thick 

 filaments. Carpels 6 to 18 in a whorl around a short column, one-ovuled, with subulate 

 iutrorsely stigmatose style ; in fruit drupaceous but at length dry and woody crustaceous 

 follicles, steUately spreading, in age 2-valved. Seed-coat crustaceous. 



Tribe III. MAGNOLIEJE. Flowers hermaphrodite, polyaudi-ous and polygamous; 

 the envelopes 3-merous in at least three series. Carpels imbricated in a spike or 

 head on a prolongation of the receptacle. Trees or shrubs, with conspicuous mem- 

 branaceous stipules, serving as bud-scales and early deciduous, the leaves condupli- 

 cate in the bud : flowers terminal, large, solitary. 



3. MAGNOLIA. Sepals 3. Petals 6 to 12. Anthers much longer than the filaments, 

 introrse. Gynophore little or not at all stipitate. Carpels ovate, more or less coherent in a 

 mass, fleshy, in fruit coriaceous-baccate, but at length dry and somewhat woody, dorsally 

 dehiscent. Styles short, recurving, intorsely stigmatose. Ovules and seeds a pair, tlie latter 

 drupaceous (the outer part of the thick seed-coat becoming baccate and the inner bony) : 

 funiculus very short, filled with spiral ducts, by the extended threads of which the seeds 

 when detached are for a time suspended. Stipules mostly connate and adnate to petiole, 

 caducous. 



-1-. LIRIODENDRON. Sepals 3, deflexed. Petals 6, broad, erect, forming a bell-shaped 

 corolhi. Anthers hardly longer than the filiform filaments, extrorse. Gynophore sessile. 

 Carpels numerous and closely imbricated over the prolonged and very slender receptacle, the 

 dilated frt=( apex tipped with a linear introrse stigma; in fruit dry, indehiscent, falling at 

 maturity froi.i the bodkin-shaped receptacle, samara-like, the small fertile portion at base 

 carinate, produced above into an elongated oblong wing. Ovules and sometimes seeds a 

 pair : seed-coat thii. and dry. Stipules distinct and free from petiole. 



1. SCHIZANDRA, Michx. (Sxt^w, to cut, av-qp, used for anther, alluding 

 to the cleft androecium.) — Twining shrubs (of Atlantic U. S. and Asia), w ith 

 mucilaginous and bitterish juice, deciduous ovate leaves, and solitary small flowers 

 on slender peduncles from the earliest axils of the annual shoot : 11. spring. — F'l. 

 ii. 218, t. 47 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 19. Schizandra &. Sphcerostemma (Blume) 

 of authors. — Single American species. 



S. COCCinea, Michx. L c. 219, t. 47. Leaves slendcr-petioled, ovate, sometimes obscurely 

 and sparingly denticulate : flowers half inch or less in diameter, crimson-purplish : stamens 

 5, monadelphous in a simple peltate 5-lobed disk, the ten anther-cells widely separated on 

 the margins of the very broad lobes or connectives : gynoecium ovate in flower, the carpels 

 then imbricated on the short receptacle, ventrally .stigmatic from the subulate tip down to 

 the insertion of the ovule.^ ; in fruit the scarlet berries sparse on a lengthened pendulous 

 receptacle of 2 or 3 inches iu length. — Poir. in Lam. lU. t. 995; Sims. Bot. Mag. t. 1413 ; 

 Barton, Fl. N. Am. i. 45, t. 13; Gray, Gen. Ill i. 58, t. 22. — Low woods, S. Carolina to 

 E. Texas; fl. early summer. 



2. ILLlCIUM, L. Star Anise. {lUicium means an allurement.) — 

 Shrubs or small trees (Chiuo-Japaiiese and Himalayan, except the following). 



