70 BKltlSKUIDACE.E. . Berber^. 



numerously Init r.ither weakly siiinulnse doiitate; lowest pair dlstaut from base of petiole. — 



Bot. Keg.t. 11 7G, ^^c Jourii. llort. Soc. v. 17; Lodil. Hot. Cab. t. 1847; Brew. & Wats. 



Bot. Calif, i. 14. B. ncrcosa, I'ur.sh, Fl. t. 5, as to flowers only. B. pinmila, Mulil. Cat. 3G. 



B. AquifoUum, Pursli, 1. c 219, mainly as to descr. ; also Hook. 1. c. 29; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 



as to glaiuous form; Gray, 1*1. Fendl. 5, &,c. B. Aijui/oliitin, vnr. rejiens, Ton: & (>ray, 



Pacif. li. Kep. iv. 63, &c.^ Mahonia AquifoUum, Nutt. Gen. i. 212, & Jour. Acad. Pliilad. 



vii. 11. — Koeky Mountains and Brit. Columbia from lat. 55° to northern part of Sierra 



]S'evada of California and to New Mexico, eastward to Wyomiug.'- 



* * * Leaves piunately 13-1 7-foliolate; bud-scales large, coriaceo-glumaceous and persist- 

 ent : racemes few from the bud or solitary, erect, elongated : fihinicnts toothless . berries 

 black or dark purple with a copious bloom. 



B. nervosa, Puksh. Simple stems rising only a few inches above ground: leaves elongated, 

 often a foot or more long, with conspicuously uodose articulations: leaflets glaucescent, 

 thick-coriaceous, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, somewhat nervose-veiny, spinulose dentate ; lowest 

 pair above base of petiole : scales of the strong terminal bud about iiuii long, lanceolate 

 from a broad base and cuspidate-attenuate, striolate : ])edicels shorter tlian the glolfose juicy 

 berries. — Fl. i. 219, t. 5, excl. flowering portion ; Hook. 1. c. ; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, 

 t. 171 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 51 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3949. B. gluir.acea. Spreng. Syst. ii. 120 ; 

 Lindl. 1. c. t. 1426; Lodd. 1. c. t. 1701. Maltonia nervosa (Xutt. (ien. i. 212), & M. ijlumacca, 

 DC. Syst. ii. 20,21. — In woods, Oregon, Washington, and Brit. Columbia; fl. early spring, 

 fr. May, June. 



2. CAULOPH"^LLUM, Michx, Blue Cohosh. (KauAo?, stem, 4>v\Xcv, 

 leaf, the stem seeming like a stalk to the large compound leuf.) — Fl. i. 204, 

 t. 21 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. i. 43. — Single species. 



C. thalictroides, Michx. 1. c. 205. Glaucescent herb, with simi)le stems a foot or two high 

 from a thickened knotty rootstock, naked below, bearing toward the top a se.ssile 3-ternate 

 leaf, the jirimary petiolules of which are as thick as the continuation of the stem and en- 

 larged at the common insertion ; above commonly a second and smaller 2-ternate, and even 

 a tliird small and less compound leaf; leaflets cuneate-obovate or olilong, very veiny, ter- 

 minal 3-lobed at summit and the lateral 2-lobed, and sometimes incised : flowers in small 

 and loose terminal and axillary cymo.'^e clusters or panicles, yellowish green and lurid 

 purplish, small : ovary bursting and falling away as the seeds form ; the latter as large as 

 peas, berry-like, blue with a bloom. — Pur.sh, Fl. i. 218; Kaf. Med. Fl. i. 97, f. 19; Gray, 

 Man. ed. 5, 53. Leontice thalictroides, L. Spec. i. 312 ; K. Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. 145, t. 7 ; 

 Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1473 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 52 ; Gray, Gen. 111. i. 82, t. 32.3 Actaia brachi/- 

 petala, var. ccerulea, DC. Syst. i. 385. — Woods in rich soil, New Brunswick and Canada as 

 far as the Great Lakes,* south to Missouri, Kentucky, and mountains of Carolina; ii. s]iriiig, 

 fr. autumn. (Japan & Anuir.) 



3. ACHLYS, DC. ('AxXi^'s, the goddess of obscurity, says DC.) — Syst. 

 ii. 35 ; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. i. 30, t. 12 ; Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 376 ; Baill. 

 Hist. PI. iii. 60, 75. — Consists of the following species and one in Japan very 

 like it. 



A. triph^^Ua, DC. 1. c Herb with filiform creejiing rootstocks, terminated ]>y a strong and 

 scaly winter bud, whence proceed in spring one or two long petioles bearing on the apex 

 3 ample flabelliform and sinuate-dentate leaflets ; also a leafless scape terminated by a slender 



at all sarraentose. The material of this form in eastern collections is nnforttuiately limited and 

 fragmentary. 



1 Add syn. B. XiUkann, Kearney, Trans. N. Y. A#ad. Si'i. xiv. 29. One of Li'wis's original speci- 

 mens from the Columbia River and now in the herbarium of the Philadelpliia Acad. Nat. Sci. has 

 certainly the lucid acute leaflets of B. Aqidfnlium as ordinarily interpreted. 



2 A round-leaved form from Bellemoiit, Nebraska, has been collected by Webber. 



3 Fnerste. Bull. Torr. Club. xiv. 139, where some formal variations are indicated; Lloyd Brcs. 

 Am. Drugs & Med. ii. 141-162. 



4 Westward to Cass Co., Nebraska, ace. to Swezev, Bull. Torr. Club, xix. 94. 



