Sisi/inhrinin. CUL'CIFKILE. 137 



have not yet been found to rxclndc from it various species of western and Mexi- 

 can Sisi/iiibria witli branelied hairs, but nujeh less divided folia;,'e, and couuecliug 

 with others of South America still more nearly of the Ensisi/mhrium tvpe. The 

 pubescence, which if all species of both continents are considered passes from 

 simple or occasionally forked hairs to dense stellation, fails to give a reullv butiii- 

 factory generic distinction. In view of the paucity of good technical characttTs 

 for its subdivision, it seems best therefore to retain the genus in its compreheu- 

 sive sense, the closer allinities of its si)ecies being more conveniently and ju^t as 

 clearly indicated by subgenera and sections. Sharp limitation from Thelyiiodium 

 is most difficult. The orientation of the stigma-lobes, brought forward by Prantl, 

 is unsatisfactory, since the stigma is so nearly circular in many species of both 

 genera that distinction is impossible, and in at least one species ( T. eleyans) of 

 obvious thelypodioid habit and affinities, the stigma-lobes lie over the placenta-. 

 The color of tlie flower ranges from white to yellow in Sisjiinbrinni (as lu-re 

 limited) and in Tliehjpodium from cream-color to deep purple (in the exce|ititMial 

 T. aureum, deep yellow). The problematic S. salsiujlnvuin. Pall., with glabrous 

 entire cordate-clasping leaves, purplish Howers, and undivided stigma, may well 

 be referred to Thehjpodium, from which it appears to be distinguished only liy 

 its small size and slender habit. — Inst. 22o, t. lO'J ; L. Gen. no. .'»I7 ; DC". 

 Syst. ii. 458; Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ. ii. t. 72-80; Gray, Gen. 111. i. l.Jl, 

 t. G4 ; Fournier, Recherches sur Fam. Crucif. et Gen. Sisymb. Desrurninin &, 

 Pachypodium, Webb & Berth. Phyt. Can. i. 72, 74. Slciiop/iraynia, Celak. Fhjra, 

 1872, 438. [By B. L. Ronixsox.] 



§ 1. Velauum, DC. vSiliipies subulate, tapering almost from the base to the 

 apex: stigma slightly 2-lobed : pubescence of simple hairs : haves pinnatilid. — 

 Syst. ii. 459. C/iamceplium, Wallr. Sched. Crit. i. 37(J. — An Old World tyi>e 

 represented in America by a single species widely introduced. 



S. OFFICINALE, Scop. (Hedoe MuSTAiiD.) Slcudcr, erect, soniewliat liirsiito near the bx-H*. 

 less frequently pubescent throughout: leaves slender-pet iolei I ; sej^nient.s ttHJtheil ; tln^ 

 uppermost leaves narrow, lanceolate, subentire or hastate at ilie b;uie : racemes spicifuriu 

 and with 2 to 7 divaricately spreading l)ranchcs: flowers small. ])ale yellow : jxkIs on very 

 short erect pedicels. — Fl. Cam. ed. 2, ii. 26; Torr. & (iray, Fl i. IM ; Heiclienli. Ic. Kl. 

 Germ. ii. t. 72. ? S. Nldf/nreiise, V>mru. Si.^ym!>. S'\ _fi<lfi (Jray, Am Jour Sci. .«er. 2, xiii. 

 278. Eri/simum officinnlc, L. Spec. ii. OGO. — Hoadsides and wasti' jdaces, very cunnnun. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. EusiSYMBRiiM, Gren. & Godr. Leafy-stemmed : sllitpjcs cylindrical, 

 prismatic, or tapering both ways : stigma usually slightly bilid : pub«'scence of 

 simple hairs or none, never glandular: leaves entire to pinnatilitl. — Fl. Fr. i. '.••'). 



S. ALTfssiMUM, L. (used comiirchensively to include .'^. itiii(ii>lstniin, Cranf/.. i<: ."^. Pnit- 

 nnnicuin, Jacq.), witJi runcinate-i)innatilid leaves and long firm spreading jiods (at maturity 3 or 

 4 inclies in length), is .'scarcely more tlian a l)alla.stweed. about tlie large cities of the Atl.intic 

 seaboard ; but has been fomid occurring .sparingly in S. .Mi!v<i>nri, liusli. (.\dv. fnun Kn.) 



S. lufo, L., with runcinate ]tinnatifid leaves and .^lender junis of delicnto texture (aJMUit an 

 incl) and a half in lengtli), is sal. I to be locally established in some j.arts of the S. K. Atlantic 

 States. (Adv. from Kii.) 



* Leaves lyrately or rnn.inalely pinnatilid, pcliolate ; peli.-les with auriculal*- slipuliforiu 

 ajipendages at tlie liase. 



