204 VlOLACKiE. Viola. 



the Sierra Nevada from the Yosemite uortlnvard. Brewer, Graii, and uear Duuuer Pass 

 1 orrey. 



++ -H- The few cauliue stipules mainly entire, subradical ones laciniate-dentate (none 

 squamaceous and imbricated at the innovations in the way of V. mirabilis) : leaves dotless. 



V. Hcwellii, Gr.w. Glabrous or nearly so : leaves membranaceous, reni form-cordate (larger 

 ones an inch or two in diameter), sleuder-petioled : pednncles long and scapiform ; some on 

 short sarnientose leafy branches : flower rather large : corolla blue, about three fourths inch 

 long including the very thick and short spur. — Troc. Am. Acad. xxii. 308. V. mirabilis. 

 Gray, Bot. Gaz. xi. 293, not L. — Damp woods on or near Columbia River, near Portland, 

 Oregon, T. Howell,. aud Klikitat Co., Washington, SuLsdorf.^ 



■*- -i- Spur to corolla very long : petals beardless : style slender-fusiform, symmetrical, 

 with erect and terminal small stigma: stipules laciniate. 



V. rostrata, Muhl. Glabrous or nearly so, a span or two high from short and ascending 

 rout.-Jtocks : leaves roundish-cordate, callous-serrate, seldom over inch long : stipules large, 

 lanceolate, pectinate-laciniate : peduncles elongated : corolla liglit violet ; .slender spur 5 

 or 6 lines long, longer than the petals. — Cat. 26 ; Pursh, PL i. 174 ; DC. Prodr. i. 298 ; Le 

 Conte, 1. c. US ; Keichenb. Ic. Bot. Exot. ii. 13, t. 131 ; Torr. & Gray, PI. i. 140. — Hillsides 

 in rich woods, Canada to Michigan and through W. New York along the mountains to 

 Georgia. In N. Penu. {Dolph) found witii spur 2-3-coruiculate at top. 



§ 2. Annuals, becoming subperennial in cultivation : stipules very leaf-like 

 and large : receptacle concave : lateral petals turned partly upward over the 

 upper pair : stigma urceolate or globose-saccate with a thin anterior bordering 

 lip ; the large and deep cavity nectariferous. 

 V. tricolor, L. (Pansy, Heartsease.) Glabrous: stems angled, leafy : leaves obtusely 



serrate or crenate ; lowest roundish or cordate ; upper oblong, at least their petiole ecjualled 



by the deeply lyrate-pinnatifid foliaceous stipules : corolla diversely colored or variegated, in 



cultivation large and widely spreading, at least the lower petal normally with some jellow 



and upper violet-purple : spur short. — Spec. ii. 935. — Eu., straying more or less from 



gardens, and becoming depauperate and small-flowered. 



Var. arvensis, DC. Slender, small-flowered: petals little or not much surpassing 



the calyx, white with tinges of blue and yellow, or the colors more decided. — Prodr. i. 303 ; 



Reichenb. Ic. Fl. Germ, iii t. 21 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. 143. V. arvensis, Murr. Prodr. Stirp. 



Goett. 73 ; Roth, Fl. Germ. ii. 273. V. tenella, Muhl. Cat. 26 ; Schwein. Am. Jour. Sci. v. 29 ; 



Le Conte, 1. c. 151. V. birolor, Pursh, Fl. i. 175 ; Nutt. Gen. i. 151. — Barren fields, or rocks, 



Canada to Texas, thought to be indigenous. (Eu.) 



2. SOLEA, Spreng. partly, Ging. ( William Sole, an English apothecary 

 and botanist, monographer of Mentha.) — Spreng. Pugill. i. 22, as to first species 

 (here genus actually founded, 1813, not in Schrad. Jour. 1800, where it is merely 

 suggested on a different plant) ; Ging. in DC. Prodr, i. 306, & Mem. Viol. 10 ; 

 Gray, Gen. 111. i. 187, t. 81. 



S. concolor, Gixg. HerbacerJus perennial, loosely pubescent : stems simple, a foot or two 

 lii^h. very leafy to the top : stipules slender-subulate, deciduous : leaves alternate, mem- 

 iiranaceous, 3 to 5 inches long, oblong or somewhat obovate, conspicuously acuminate at 

 both ends, short-petioled, penniveined: flowers in numerous axils, small, nodding, greenish, 

 solitary or geminate or two or three on the short peduncles : capsule oval, nearly an inch 

 long : seeds large, globular, narrowly carunculate. — Ging. in DC. Prodr. i. 306 ; Torr. & 

 Gray, Fl. i. 144 ; Gray, 1. c. ^'. stricta, Spreng. PI. Min. Cog. i. 22, as to plant and habitat, 

 but hot lonidinm strictum, Vent. Viola concolor, T. F. Forst. Trans. Linn. Soc. vi. 309, t. 28 ; 

 Pursh, Fl. i. 175. Tonidium Sprengellamim. Rrem. & Schult. Syst. v. 401. I. concolor, Wats. 

 Bibl. Index, 81. Nolsetlia acuminata, TiC Prodr. i. 290. —Low woods of the Alleghany 

 region, \V. New York and adjacent Canada to North Carolina, west to Michigan and Mis- 

 souri ; fl. spring and early summer. 



1 Also Salem, Oregon, Henderson; Wiriier, Hammond, and Vancouver Isl., Streets. 



