21(3 CARyornYLLACE.E. Silene. 



or bifid, minutely appendaged. — Spec. ed. 2, i. 603 ; Reichenb. 1. c. t. 270. Cucubalus acau- 

 lls,l.. Spec. i. 415. Lifchnis acaulis, Scop. Fl. Carn. ed. 2, i. 306. — An arctic and high 

 alpine species, widely distributed and somewhat variable ; Arctic America to the White 

 Mts. • extending along the Rocky Mts. from Alaska to Arizona ; also found in the Cascade 

 Mts.' (Eu., Asia.) A somewhat caulescent form, with very slender elongated leaves 1 to 

 H inches in length, lias been found in the Rocky Mts. of Colorado, //((// & Ilurhonr, Miss 

 Eastwood, and Arizona, Rothrock. It is connected, however, with the typical form by 

 gradual transitions. 



* * * Caulescent perennials. 



^- Species of the Atlantic and Gulf States and of the Mississippi Valley. 



++ Calyx inflated, flowers white or pink, scattered or panided. 



S nivea Muhl. Stem smooth or minutely pubescent above, 1 1 to 3 feet in height : leaves 



* opposite' lanceolate, attenuate-acuminate, smooth or pulverulent-pubescent : flowers rather 



few, nodding, borne in the forks of the branches : bracts foliar : calyx oblong in anthesis, 



finely pubescent or smooth ; nerves inconspicuous, anastomosing, the teeth short, triangular, 



obtuse : petals cuneate-obovate, bearing two short blunt appendages. — Muhl. ace. to Nutt. 



Gen. i. 287, where first descr. (Nutt. evidently miscoj)ying the name S. alba of Muhl.) ; Otth, 



1. c. 377 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 190 ; Rohrb. 1. c. 87. S. alba, Muhl. Cat. 45 {nomen subnudum). 



Cucubalus niceus, Nutt. Gen. i. 287. — Pennsylvania and Washington, 1). C, and mountains 



of E. Tennessee (ace. to Chapman), to S. Illinois, Iowa, and Minnesota; rather local but 



not rare. Some si)ecimens have been discovered also at Grono, Maine, by Prof. F. L. IJar- 



veij, who regards the species as indigenous at this extra-limital station. 



S Stellata, Ait. f. (Starry Campion.) Stems 2 to 3 feet high: leaves in whorls of 4 



' (the uppermost and lowest sometimes opposite), ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 to 3 inches 



long, half as broad : flowers in an open panicle : calyx campanulate, 4 to 5 lines in length ; 



the teeth broad, acuminate: petals laciniately cleft, uuappendaged. — [Dryander ? in] Ait. 



f Kew. ed. 2, iii. 84; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. 100, t. 16; Meehan, Native Flowers, ser. l,ii. 45, 



t. 12. Cucubalus stellatus, L. Spec. i. 414; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1107. — Woodland, frequent, 



E. Massachusetts to Minnesota and Nebraska, Ha>iden, Clements, southward to Georgia, 



Small, and Texas. 



++ ++ Calyx not inflated, distended only by the enlarging capsule. 

 = Flowers white or rose-colored. 

 S. OVata, PuRSH. Pubescent or smooth : stems several from the same root, 2 to 4 feet in 

 'height: 'leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, attenuate- acuminate, 3-5-nerved from tlie rounded 

 ba.se, sessile, subconnate, 3 to 5 inches long: flowers borne in a narrow terminal leafless 

 panicle: calyx tubular, 3 to 4 lines in length, 10-nerved: petals wliite, blades dichoto- 

 mously cleft" into linear segments. — Fl. i. 316; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 190; Cliapm. Fl. 51. 

 ? Cucubalus polj/petalus, Walt. Car. 141. — Alluvial woods, uplands. North Carolina to Geor- 

 gia and Alabama. 

 S. Baldwinii, Nutt. Villous : stems low, weak, decumbent, throwing out runners : lower 

 'leaves spatula'te, obtuse, with attenuate bases; the upper oblanceolate or lanceolate, acute : 

 flowers few, very large, 1^ inches or more in diameter, pedicellate, aggregated at the ends 

 of the stems: calvx clavate, pubescent, 10 lines in length; the teeth ovate-Uvnceolate, acu- 

 minate : petals wliite or pink ; the large obovate blades fringed, uuappendaged : capsule 

 aseptate. — Gen. i. 288; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 193; Chapm. Fl. 51. S.fmbrlata, Baldw. m 

 Ell. Sk. i. 515, not of Sims. Melandrnum Baldwini, Rohrb. 1. c. 231 ; Wats. Bot. King Exp. 

 431. — Georgia and Florida; fl. March to May. 



S. NtJTANS, L., a slender European species with narrow leaves chiefly clustered near tlie 

 base, and white or rose-colored flowers nodding in a narrow panicle, has been found more or 

 less established on Mt. Desert Isl., Maine, Miss Minot, and has been collected at Arrocliar, 

 Richmond Co., N. Y., by W. C. Kerr (Bull. Torr. Club, xxii. 460). 



S. Pennsylvanica, Mkhx. ( Wi m. Pink.) Viscid-pubescent : .stems few or many, 6 to 9 

 inches hi^h, from a .strong tap-root: leaves mostly at tbe ba.se, spatulate or oblanceolate. 

 usually aciuish at tbe apex, tapering below to long ciliated petioles; the two or three pairs 



