290 HYPERICACE.E. Ilypcrkum. 



Gen. & Spec. v. 196. H. boreale, etc., Biekuell, Bull. Torr. Club, xxii. 21.3, in part. — Can- 

 ada and Minnesota to Florida and Texas. (Adj. Mex.) In some cases the cymes become 

 almost or even entirely naked, and siuli jilants are a])t to be confused with tiie next species. 

 However, the widely spreading iuHurcscent'e, or at least the oblong or ovate capsule, 

 will serve to separate them from //. gymnnuthnm with its strict cymes and ovate-conical 

 capsules. Certain forms tliroughout the (iulf States, from Florida to Texas and Mexico, 

 with open cymes inclined to be naked and unusually large foliaceous sepals, may represent 

 a worthy variety. 

 -»— -»— Almost .'dimple, with strict stems and branches : flowers in naked cymes : sepals linear 



to linear-lanceolate, acuminate. 

 H. gymnanthum, Exgei.m. & Gray. One to three feet high : leaves cordate-ovate, clasp- 

 ing, often (pilte distant, ^ inch or more long, 5- or 7-uerved and 3 to 5 lines wide at base, 

 tapering to an acute or obtuse apex : flowers in strict mostly few-flowered elongated cymes: 

 stamens 10 to 12 : sepals 1 to 2 lines long, about equalling the ovate-conical capsule. — PI. 

 Lindh. pt. 1, 4 ; Walp. Ann. ii. 188. H. mutilum, var. gymnanthum, Gray, Man. ed. 5, 86. — 

 From Delaware and adjacent Pennsylvania to Southern Illinois, Arkansas, Louisiana, and 

 Eastern Texas. Ascherson and Uechtritz refer this species to H. Japonicum, Thunb., but it 

 seems to be very distinct. If the Asiatic species occurs in our flora at all, it is under the 

 name //. anncjalloides. 

 H. Canadense, L. From an inch or two to a foot or more high : leaves linear to linear- 

 laiKOdliirc, mostly tapering to the sessile 3-nerved base, ^ to 1 inch long or more, 1 to 2 lines 

 wide : flowers in rather loose cymes : stamens .5 to 10 : capsule very acutely conical, 2 to 3 

 lines long, longer or shorter than the sepals. — Spec. ii. 785 ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. i. 89 ; Torr. & 

 Gray, Fl. i. 165. H. thesii/oliiim, paucijlorum, & Moranense, HBK. Nov. Gen. & Spec. 

 V. 192, 193. H. Canadense, var. minimum, Chois. in DC. Prodr. i. 550. — Wet sandy soil, 

 from Canada to Georgia, and westwai-d to Nebraska, Dakota, and the Winnipeg Valley, and 

 doubtless extending to the Pacific; also in Texas. (Mex.) Exceedingly variable in size, 

 but usually distinguishable by its slender habit, and narrow and often reduced leaves, 

 which mostly taper at base. In certain situations all the forms develop reduced rounded 

 and more crowded leaves below. It seems impossible to distinguish clearly the varieties 

 ordinarily recognized, but disregarding intergrading forms two extreme variations may be 

 defined as follows : 



Var, majus, Gr.\t. Stems much stouter and usually much taller : leaves larger, 1 to 

 2 inches long, 4 to 6 lines broad, lanceolate, 5- or "-nerved at base, more or less clasping, 

 often very acute : flowers in larger more crowded cymes : sepals long-pointed : capsules 

 larger. — Man. ed. 5, 86. //. majus, Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, v. 225. — Ranges with the 

 species ; also in Washington, Piper. In certain regions it seems worthy of specific rank, but 

 in large series of specimens the intergradation is complete. 



Var. boreale, Britton. Dwarf, 1 to 3 inches high, simple and few-flowered : leaves 

 oblong, obtuse, 4 to 5 lines long, 1 to 2 lines broad, the lower ones smaller and more crowded, 

 oval or orbicular. — Bull. Torr. Club, xviii. 365. H. Canadense, var. minimum. Coulter, 

 Bot Gaz. xi. 110, and mo.st American authors, not Chois. H. boreale, & H. mutilum, var. 

 boreale, Bicknell, Bull. Torr. Club, xxii. 213, in part. — Throughout Canada and the North- 

 west Territory, and extending into the United States about Lake Superior; also on wet 

 grounds in the Dells of the Wisconsin, Lapham. 



■t— -(— -I— Bushy-branching, with rigid erect black-dotted stems and branches : leaves very 

 slender and rigid or minute, erect or appressed : flowers scattered along the upper part of 

 leafy branches. 



H. Drummondii, Torr. & Gray. Stems and alternate branches rather stout, 10 to 30 

 inches high : leaves linear-subulate, erect, \ to 1 inch long, one-nerved; flowers pedicellate: 

 stamens 10 to 20 : capsule ovate, about 2 lines long, not longer than the sepals ; seeds large, 

 oval, strongly ribbed and transversely lacunose. — Fl. i. 165. Sarothra Drummondii, Grev. 

 & Hook. Hot. Misc. iii. 236, t. 107. — In dry soil, from Georgia and Florida to Texas, and 

 extending northwest through the states of the .Mississippi Basin into Illinois. 



H. nudicaule, Wai.t. Stem and opposite branches filiform and wiry, 4 to 20 inches high, 

 with the awl-shaped leaves so minute and appres.sed as to appear naked : flowers very small, 



