296 MALVACEAE. 



with short column 1 5-20-toothed and no anthers or bare rudiments. Filiform style-branches 

 8 to 10. Carpels at maturity sej)aratiug from very small central axis, beakless, barely 

 apiculate, hardly at all reuiforni, cliartaceo-coriaceous, smooth, closed, or at length opening 

 ventrally or even 2-valved ; seed reniform. 



Subtribe II. Side^. (Sklece kAbutilece, Gray, Gen. 1\\. i'l. -^7.) Style-branches ter- 

 minated by a capitate or truncate stigma. Carpels 1-few-ovulate. 



* Seeds 1 to 3 in each carpel, reniform, at least the lower from an ascending ovule and the 

 radicle inferior : calyx usually more or less involucellate-bracteolate. 



7. MALVASTRUM. Ovule and seed solitary, conformed to the rounded cavity of the 

 carpel. 



8. SPHERAL CE A. Ovules 1 to 3 and seeds 1 or 2 sometimes 3 in each carpel, the cell 

 of which is more or less extended and empty above, usually rugose-reticulated below. 



9. MODIOLA. Ovules and seeds 2, one in each compartment of the transversely septate 

 carpel ; radicle in both seeds inferior or descending. Stamens only 10 to 20, all at very 

 apex of the column, when only 10 indistinctly collected in five 2-antheriferous plialanges, 

 the additional stamens when present singly interposed. 



* * Seeds solitary or few in each carpel, at least the lower one resupinate-pendulous, 

 turgid, usually obscurely and obtusely trigonous or cordiform ; the radicle in pendulous 

 seeds superior or ascending : no involucel under the calyx or (in one section of Sida) this 

 represented by 1 to 3 setaceous deciduous bractlets : carpels tardily if at all deciduous at 

 maturity, not rarely hanging for some time by a tliread or dorsal partly detached nerve. 



•1— Carpels 3-ovuled, 1-2-seeded ; lower part in fruit strongly reticulate, upper scarious, in 

 the manner common in Spkceralcea. 



10. HORSFORDIA. Upper pair of ovules abortive, or all three fertile. Carpels 8 to 12, 

 disjoined at maturity, early 2-valved above, converting the upper and usually empty scarious 

 portion into a pair of erect and somewhat spreading wings, which equal or exceed the firm 

 reticulated basal portion. Shrubs. 



-1— -1— Carpels 1-ovuled, the cell usually filled by the seed. 



1 1. ANODA. Ovule and seed resupinate-horizontal or in some pendulous. Carpels 5 to 20, 

 mostly radiate-divergent in a depressed capsule which breaks up at maturity, the partitions 

 or sides of the carpels evanescent or obliterated, tiie firmer dorsal and superior portion 

 (commonly bearing a divergent cusp) partly embracing the (naked or arilliform-coated) 

 turgid seed. Calyx usually explanate under the fruit. 



1 2. SIDA. Ovule and seed pendulous. Carpels with enduring walls, not divergent, either 

 pointless or with single or geminate erect or incumbent cusps or awns. 



-)— -1— -I— Carpels 2-9-ovuled, 1-9-seeded; their summits or cusps (if any) usually di- 

 vergent. 



13. WISSADULA. Carpels 5, transversely and imperfectly bilocellate or constricted in 

 the middle ; upper and divergent portion 2-valved, containing one or two ascending or 

 horizontal seeds (rarely seedless) ; lower subclavate, mostly with a single pendulous seed. 



14. ABUTILON. Carpels 5 to 30, homomorphous and continuous, 3-9-ovuled, tardily if at 

 all separating, apically and dorsally dehiscent or at length 2-valved. 



Tribe III. U RENEGE. Carpels or cells of the ovary 5, half as many as the style- 

 branches and capitate stigmas, opposite the petals, uniovulate. Stamineal column 

 antheriferous along the upper part, but not at the truncate or 5-toothed summit. 

 Seeds ascending ; radicle superior. 



* Carpels dry, akene-like, separating at maturity, with or without a narrow axis. 



15. MALACHRA. Flowers several and sessile in a capitate or glomerate leafy-involucrate 

 cluster. Calyx not involucellate, 5-cleft, the lobes 3-nerved. Stamineal column short, bear- 

 ing about 20 stamens near its naked apex. Mature carpels obovoid and ventrally angulate, 

 pointless and naked, somewhat dehiscent ventrally. 



