374 RUTACE.E. Xanthoxylwn. 



pubescent, 5-9-foliolate ; leaflets oval or oblong-ovate, entire or nearly so, pale : petals (as 

 the perianth-segments may be called, being alternate with the stamens) pubescent at tip : 

 carpels 5, or fewer ripening, with slender counivent styles, stipitate. — Diet. ed. 8 ; Torr. & 

 Grav, Fl. i. 214; Gray, Gen. 111. 1. c. A'. Clava-Herculis, Lam. Diet. ii. 38 (excl. syn.), & 

 111. t. 811. X. fraxinijhiium, Marsh. Arb. 167. X fraxineum, Willd. Berl. Baum. .544, & 

 Spec. iv. 757 ; Nouv. Duham. vii. 2, t. 3 ; liigel. Med. Bot. iii. 1.56, t. 59; Hook. Fl. Bor.- 

 Am. i. 118.1 X. ramiforum,Mid\\. Fl. ii. 235. A', mttc, Willd. Enum. 1013, form wanting 

 prickles. X. tricarpum, Hook. 1. c, not Michx. — Canada to Minnesota, and southward to 

 Virginia and E. Kansas."^ 

 § 2. Periauth complete : flowers 4-merous, in axillary and sessile short spikes. 



— Fagara, L. Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 897. {Fagara Pterota, P. Browne, Jam. t. 5, 



f. 1, but Pterota, p. 146.) 



X. Pterota, IIBK. (Bastard Iron-wood.) Tortuous shrub or small tree, with curved stip- 

 ular ijrickles, or sometimes unarmed, glabrous, evergreen : leaves 7-Il-foliolate ; leaflets (lialf 

 inch to near inch long) obovate, more or less creuate, the few dots mostly near the notclies ; 

 rhachis and petiole winged or margined : carpels 1 or 2, stipitate. — Nov. Gen. & Spec. vi. 3 ; 

 DC. Prodr. i. 725 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 680 ; Nutt. Sylv. iii. t. 84.** Schinus Fayaru, L. Spec, 

 i. 389. Fagara Pterota, L. Amoen. Acad. v. 393, & Spec. ed. 2, i. 172. F. lentiscijblia, 

 Willd. Enum. i. 165; Griseb. Fl. W. Ind. 137. — Florida and Texas. (Mex. to Brazil.) 



§ 3. Perianth complete : flowers 5-merous, in terminal cymes, following the 

 leaves: these in ours deciduous. — Zanthoxylum, Catesb. Car. i. 26, t. 26; L. 

 Ilort. Cliflf. 487. 

 X. Clava-Herculis, L. (Toothache-tree,* Pepper-wood, Sea Ash, Wild Or.vnge.) 



Small tree, the bark studded with stout conical warty prickles, glabrous : prickles of the 

 branches and petioles scattered and straight : leaves 7-17-foliolate, orange-scented; leaflets 

 chartaceo-membranaceous, ovate-lanceolate, often acuminate, unequal-sided, crenate-serru- 

 late, mostly with conspicuous gland-dots at the notches : flowers in an ample compound 

 cyme : carpels mostly 3 or 2 or in fruit solitary, obscurely or not at all stiiiitate. — Spec, 

 i. 270 (Catesb. Car. i. 26, t. 26, bad, the fruit borne on a branch with sterile flowers!); 

 Triana &, Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 5, xiv. 317 ; Wats. Bibl. Index, 155;^ not Lam., nor 

 DC, nor Griseb. X. fraxinifulium, Walt. Car. 243. X. Carol inianum, Lam. Diet. ii. 39, & 

 111. t. 811, f. 1 ; Torr. & Gray, Fl. i. 214; Nutt. Sylv. iii. 8, t. 83. X. aromatlrum, Willd. 

 Spec. iv. 755 (excl. syn.) ; Jacq. f. Eclog. i. 103, t. 70. X. Irifarpum, Michx. Fl. ii. 235 ; 

 DC. Prodr. i. 726. X. Cateshianum, Kaf. Med. Fl. ii. 114. Fagara fraxini/hlia, Ijum. 111. i. 

 334.^ Kampmania fraxinifoUa, Raf. Med. Rep. hex. 2, v. 352. — Near the coast, S. Vir- 

 ginia to Florida and Texas, also S. Arkansas. Passes into 



Var. fruticosum, Gray. Commonly a mere slirub, sometimes a tree, young branch- 

 lets and stalks usually pubescent: leaflets 5 to 11 (according to Nuttall even 17), ovate or 

 oval, less unequal-sided, some obtuse, becoming thin-coriaceous : carpels 2, sometimes 3. — 

 Proc. Am. Acad, xxiii. 225. X. macrophi/llum, Nutt. Sylv. iii. 10, but leaves usually small. 

 X. alveolatum, Shuttl. in distr. pi. Rugel, no. 71. A'. Inrsntum, Buckl. Proc. Acad. Philad. 

 1861, 450, & 1870, 136, the pubescence when present minute.'^ — Arkansas (where the other 

 form also grows) to Texas; a similar form on Atlantic Coast. 

 X.* Texanum, Buckley.^ Shrub, somewhat aromatic, wholly unarmed : branches with 

 ruughish cortex and prominent lenticels : leaves 3-foliolate ; leaflets rather small, ovate- 



1 Add Engler in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. iii. Ab. 4, 115. 



2 And Indian Territorv, Carhton, ace. to Holzinger, Contrib. U. S. Nnt. Herb. i. 204. 



3 Add Engler in Engl. & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenf. iii. Ab. 4, 117, and syn. X. Fagara, Sargent, 

 Gard. & For. iii. 186, & Silv. i. 73, t. 32. 



* Tiie name Hercules Chib in the S. States is commonly given to the stems of Aralia spinosa. 



5 Add Sargent, Silv. i. 67, t. 29. 



6 Add syn. F. Carolininna, Engler, 1. c. 117. 



7 Add syn. X. Tweedii, Engler, 1. c. 115. 



8 This species was not mentioned in Dr. Gray's manuscript, although Dr. Palmer's plant evidently 

 belonging to it was referred to X. Clava-IIerculis, var. fruticosum. 



