Gentiana. GENTIANACEiE. 123 



rowed at base : calyx-lobes from linear to spatulate or oblong, mostly equalling and some- 

 times exceeding tlie tube : corolla liglit blue, an inch or more long, its broad and roundish 

 short lobes erect, little and often not at all longer than the 2-cleft and many-toothed inter- 

 vening appendages: seeds nearly as in the preceding. —Spec. i. 228 (Moris. Hist. iii. 484, 

 sect. 12, t. 5, fig. 4; Catesb. Car. i. t. 70); Griseb. 1. c. (excl. var.) G. Catesbaei, Walt. 

 Car. 109 ; Bot. Mag. t. 1039. G. Elliottii, var. ? latifolia, Chapm. 1. c. — Moist woods, 

 W. Canada and New York to Florida and Louisiana. A somewhat polymorphous species. 

 G. Andrewsii, Griseb. Stems stout, a foot or two high, smooth : leaves from ovate- to 

 broadly lanceolate, gradually acuminate, contracted at base, 2 to 4 inches long: calyx- 

 lobes lanceclate to ovate, usually spreading or recurved, shorter than the tube: corolla as 

 the preceding but more oblong and the lobes obliterated or obsolete, the truncate and 

 usually almost closed border mainly consisting of the prominent fimbriate-dentate inter- 

 vening appendages : seeds with a conspicuous wing, oblong in outline. — Gent. 287, & in 

 Hook. Fl. ii. 55 (with var. linearis, which is merely a narrower-leaved state) ; Gray, Man. 



1. c. G. Saponariu, Froel. Gent. 32 ; Ell. 1. c. ; Bart. Fl. Am. Sept. iii. t. 79. G. Catesbcei, 

 Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 418. — Moist ground, New England and Canada to Saskatchewan, and 

 south to the upper parts of Georgia. Corolla from bright to pale blue, with white plaits, 

 sometimes all white. 



= = Calyx-lobes and bracts (also leaves) smooth and naked on the margins (or sometimes very 

 minutely ciliolate-scabrous under a lens, especially the lower part of the bracts): seeds distinctly- 

 winged : flowers in a leafy-involucrate capitate cluster, and often solitary or clustered in upper 

 axils. 

 G. alba, Muhl. Smooth throughout : stem stojit, 2 feet high : leaves ovate-lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate and gradually acuminate from a cordate-clasping base, 2 to 4 inches 

 long : flowers usually rather numerous in the compact terminal cluster : calyx-lobes ovate 

 or subcordate, acute, reflexed-spreading, shorter than the tube : corolla dull white and 

 commonly tinged with yellowish or greenish, often an inch and a half long, like that of 

 G. Saponaria, but more campanulate and open ; its ovate lobes twice the length of the 

 broad and erose-toothed appendages. — Cat. ed. 2, 29, & Fl. Lancast. ined. ; Nutt. Gren. 

 i. 172 ; Gray, Man.' ed. 1, 360, ed. 5, 388. G. ochroleuca, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1551 ; Griseb. 

 in DC. 1. c, in part ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. 1. c, not Froel. G.flavida, Gray in Am. Jour. Sci. ser. 



2, i. 80. — Low grounds and mountain meadows, W. Canada and Lake Superior, south to 

 Illinois, Kentucky, and the mountains of Virginia, east to Penn. and New York ? Begins 

 to flower early in August. 



G. linearis, Froel. Smooth throughout : stem slender and strict, a foot or two high : 

 leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, \^ to 3 inches long, 2 to 5 lines wide, and with some- 

 what narrowed base : flowers 1 to 5 in the terminal involucrate cluster, and often solitary in 

 one or two axils below : calyx-lobes linear or lanceolate, shorter than the tube : corolla blue, 

 an inch or more long, narrow-f unnelform ; the erect lobes roundish-ovate and obtuse, 2 lines 

 long, a little longer than the triangular acute and entire or slightly 1-2-toothed appendages. 

 — Gent. 37; Pursh, Fl. i. 186, excl. syn. Michx. G. Pneumonanthe, Michx. Fl. i. 176; Bigel. 

 Bost. ed. 2, 105, not L. G. Pseudo-pneumonanthe, Roem. & Sch. Syst. vi. 146. G. Saponaria, 

 var. linearis, Griseb. 1. c. (excl. syn. G. Catesbcei, Ell., & G puberula, Michx., & char, foliis 

 margine scabris) ; Torr. Fl. N. Y. ii. 106, t. 81 ; Gray, Man. ed. 6, 389. G. Saponaria, var. 

 Frcelichii, Gray, Man. ed. 1, 360. — Bogs, along the Alleghanies of Maryland and Penn. to 

 northern New York and New England, New Brunswick {Fowler), and towards Hudson's 

 Bay (Michaux). Distinctly different from G. Pneumonanthe of the Old World in inflores- 

 cence, corolla, and distinctly winged seeds. 



Var. lanceolata. Leaves lanceolate, or the upper and involucrate ones almost 

 ovate-lanceolate (1 or 2 inches long and even half inch wide) : appendages of the sinuses 

 of the corolla sometimes very short and broad. — G. rubricaulis, Schwein. in Keating, Narr. 

 Long Exped. Mississip. — Minnesota and along Lake Superior. Also Herkimer Co., New 

 York, Paine. Approaches narrow-leaved forms of G. alba. 



===== Calyx-lobes and bracts with smooth, or nearly smooth margins : seeds oval and com- 

 pletely wingless, even marginless. 



G. ochroleuca, Froel. Smooth, rather stout, a span to a foot high, often branching : 

 leaves obovate or the upper oblong, all conspicuously narrowed at base, 1 to 3 inches long, 

 pale : flowers sessile or nearly so in terminal and sometimes lateral leafy clusters : calyx- 

 lobes linear, unequal, longer than the tube ; the longer little exceeded by the somewhat 



