186 BORRAGINACE^. Heliotropium. 



style very short or none : flowers in bractless scorpioid spikes, which are ■either 

 solitary, geminate, or collected in a cyme. — Tiaridium, Lehm. Asper. 13 (1818) ; 

 Cham. Beliophytum, DC. Heliotropium § Heliophytum with Gochranea (Miers), 

 Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 844. 



* Fruit didymous ; the nutlets parallel. 

 H. ANCHUSiEF^LiDM, Poir. ; Fresen. in Fl. Bras. viii. 46 (which is Toumefortia heliotropioides, 

 Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3096, and probably also Heliophytum sidcefolium, DC), is a low perennial, 

 with oblong or lanceolate repand leaves, and a pedunculate close cj'me of 3 or 4 spikes of 

 bright violet-blue flowers, much resembling those of the Sweet Heliotrope (H. Peruvianum), 

 but not sweet-scented, and the nutlets when fresh with a thin fleshy exocarp : stigma sessile 

 and with a depressed cone. It is a native of Buenos Ayres and S. Brazil, is cultivated for 

 ornament, occasionally appears among ballast-weeds at Philadelphia, and is becoming spon- 

 taneous in East Florida. 



"FT , parviflorum, L. Annual, or becoming woody at base, more or less pubescent, a foot 

 or two high : leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate at both ends, 

 pinnately veined, slender-petioled, some of them opposite : spikes single or sometimes in 

 pairs, filiform, 2 to 6 inches long : flowers small and crowded (a line long), white : fruit 

 hardly a line long, blunt, commonly with no distinct empty cell. — Heliophytum parvifiorum, 

 DC. ; Fresen. 1. c. 45, t. 10, fig. 6. — Keys of Florida and southern borders of Texas. 

 (Mex., Trop. Amer.) 

 H. glabriusculum, Gray. A span high, diffusely branching from a perennial and per- 

 haps rather woody base, minutely and sparsely strigulose-pubescent : branches slender, 

 leafy to the top : leaves green and except the midrib beneath nearly glabrous (an inch or 

 less long), rather obtuse and sometimes undulate, hardly veiny, short-petioled : spikes 

 rather short, solitary or forking : corolla M'hite with a green eye ; its tube longer than the 

 calyx and about the length of the oval lobes (these a line long) : fruit cinereous-pubes- 

 cent ; the nutlets turgid, by abortion often only 1-seeded, 3-4-toothed at summit, commonly 

 with 3 empty cells or spaces. — Proc. Am. Acad. x. 50. Heliophytum glabriusculum, Tott. 

 Bot. Mex. Bound. 139. — W. borders of Texas, Wright, Bigelow. (Adjacent Mex.) 



* * Fruit mitre-shaped (whence the name Tiaridium, founded on the following species); its two 

 lobes diverging : style deciduous. 



H. Indicum, L. Coarse annual, hirsute, erect: leaves ovate or oval, sometimes rather cor- 

 date, on margined petioles, obscurely serrate or undulate : spikes mostly single, densely- 

 flowered (becoming a span to a foot long) : corolla bluish, the limb 2 or 3 lines in diameter : 

 fruit glabrous ; the nutlets acutely ribbed on the back, within a pair of large empty cells. — 

 Sims, Bot. Mag. 1. 1837. Tiaridium Indicum, Lehm. ; Cham, in Linn. iv. 452, t. 5. Helio- 

 phytum Indicum, DC; Fresen. I. c, 1. 10, f. 4.'— Waste grounds of the Southern Atlantic 

 States, reaching to Illinois along the great rivers. (Nat. from India, &c.) 



7. HARPAGONfiLLA, Gray. (Diminutive of harpago^ a grappling- 

 hook.) — Single species with the aspect of Pectocarya, in company with which it 

 grows. Corolla only a line long, white ; the rounded lobes imbricate-convolute 

 in the bud. — Proc. Am. Acad. xi. 88, & Bot. Calif, i. 531 ; Benth. & Hook. 

 Gen. ii. 846. 



H. Palmeri, Gray, 1. c. Small and insignificant annual, diffusely and rather simply 

 branched from the base, strigulose-hirsute : leaves linear ; the upper or bracts lanceolate : 

 flowers soon lateral and scattered, a little above and partly opposite the leaf, on short at 

 length strongly recurved and rigid peduncles : body of the bur-like fruiting calyx, oblong 

 or fusiform, completely enclosing the solitary nutlet, or sometimes a pair. — (Guadalupe 

 Island, off Lower California, Palmer.) Arizona, near Tucson, .S. Z. Greene. The two globu- 

 lar lobes of the ovary are unilateral, on the side of the style next the enveloping calyx- 

 lobes, and distinct ; they apparently belong to different carpels, each of which wants the 

 other half. Both carpels uniovulate and alike in flower, and both, according to Bentham, 

 are sometimes fertile and enclosed together in the calyx. Sometimes one is excluded and 

 naked, but falls away without maturing. 



