Cynoglossum. BORRAGINACE^. 187 



8. PECTOCARYA, DC. (Compounded of ntmog, combed, and xagva, 

 in place of adgvov, nut, referring to the pectinate border of the nutlets.) — Dim- 

 inutive annuals, of the western coast of America, diffuse, strigose-hirsute or canes- 

 cent ; with narrow linear leaves, and small and scattered flowers along the whole 

 length of the stem, on very short and sometimes recurved pedicels : corolla white, 

 minute. — Meisn: Gen. 279 ; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 847. 



§ 1. KTENOSPiRMUM. Nutlets bordered with a coriaceous undulate or laciniate 

 wing, geminately divergent. — Ktenospermum, Lehm. Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 

 1837, without char. Pectocarya, DC. Prodr. x. 120. 



P. linearis, DC. Diffuse : nutlets with narrowly oblong body (one or two lines long), 

 surrounded by a broad wing, which is pectinately or lachnately and often irregularly parted 

 or cleft into subulate teeth, ending in a delicate miciuate-tipped bristle : cotyledons ob- 

 long.— Benth. Gen. 1. c. P. linearis & P. Chilensis, DC. Prodr. 1. c. P. Chilensis, C. Gay, 

 Fl. Chil. t. 52, bis, fig. 2. P. Chilensis, var. Cali/ornica, Torr. Pacif. R. Rep. v. 124. P. 

 laterijiora, Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 531, &c., not DC. Cynoglossum lineare, Ruiz & Pav. Fl. ii. 6. — 

 Dry gravelly soil, southern part of Cahfornia, Utah, and Arizona. (Chih.) One form, 

 answering to P. linearis, DC, has coarsely cleft nearly plane wings ; another, answering to 

 P. Chilensis, DC, has narrower and more pectinate teeth to a somewhat incurved wing, 

 and the nutlet arcuate-recurved in age. 



P. penicillata, A.DC, 1. c. Very diffuse and slender : nutlets with oblong body (aline 

 long) surrounded by a merely undulate or pandurate wing (incurved in age), its rounded 

 apex thickly and the sides rarely or not at all beset with slender uncinate bristles : cotyle- 

 dons oblong-obovate. — Cynoglossum penicillatum, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 371. — British 

 Columbia (Macoun) to California and W. Nevada. (The Missouri habitat and the syn. 

 of Nuttall, cited by A. DeCandolle, belong to Echinospermum Redowskii.) 

 P. LATERIFLORA, DC, of Peru, has broadly obovate and less geminate nutlets, as noted by 



Bentham, with the wing dentate in the manner of P. linearis. 



§ 2. Gruvelia. Nutlets broadly obovate and equably divergent (a line long), 

 the wing or margin entire : cotyledons broadly obovate. — Gray, Proc. Am. Acad, 

 xii. 81. Gruvelia, A.DC. Prodr. x. 119. 



P. setosa, Gray, 1. c. Hispid, as well as minutely strigose-pubescent, rather stout ; 

 calyx-lobes armed with 3 or 4 very large divergent bristles : nutlets bordered by a broadish 

 (entire or obscurely undulate) thin-scarious wing; the faces as well as margins beset with 

 slender uncinate-tipped bristles. — S. E. California, on the Mohave desert. Palmer. 



P. pusilla, Gray, 1. c. Strigulose-canescent, slender : nutlets cuneate-obovate, wingless, 

 and with a carinate mid-nerve on the upper face, the acute margin beset with a row of 

 slender uncinate-tipped bristles. — Gruvelia pusilla, A.DC. Prodr. x. 119; C. Gay, Fl. Cliil. 

 1. c. fig. 3. — Common about Yreka, in the northern part of California, apparently native, 

 Greene. (Chili.) 



9. CYN0G-L6SSUM, Tourn. Houndstongue. (Kvav, dog, and ylw a an, 



tongue, from the shape and soft surface of the leaves of the commonest species.) 



— Mostly stout and coarse herbs ; with a heavy herbaceous scent, and usually 



broad leaves, the lower petioled. Flowers in panicled mostly bractless racemes 



(purple, blue, or white), in summer. 



* Biennial weed of the Old World : nutlets with somewhat depressed back surrounded bv a slightly 

 raised margin, ascending on the pyramidal g^vnobase, and after separation hanging by the splitting 

 from the base of exterior portions of the long-subuiate indurated style. 



C. OFFICINALE, L. Common Houndstongue. About 2 feet high, soft-pubescent, some- 

 what canescent, leafy to the top : leaves lanceolate or the lower oblong : flowers rather 

 large: corolla rotate-campanulate, dull red purple (and a white variety), little exceeding 

 the calyx — Fl. Dan. t. 1147; Schk. Handb. t. 30. — Pastures and waste grounds, Atlantic 

 States : burs adhering to fleece, &c. (Nat. from Eu.) 



