312 OROBANCHACE^. Aphyllon. 



2. APH"^LLON, Mitchell. Cancer-root. (From a privative, and givUoj', 

 foliage, i. e. leafless.) — North American and Mexican, brownish or whitish, low, 

 commonly viscid-pubescent or glandular, and with violet-jDurplish or yellowish 

 flowers. — Nov. Gen. in Act. Phys.-Med. Acad. Nat. Cur. viii..(1748), 221 ; Gray, 

 Man. ed. 1, 290, & Bot. Calif, i. 584; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 983. 



§ 1. Gymnocaulis, Benth. & Hook. 1. c. Peduncles or scapes long and slen- 

 der from the axils of fleshy loose scales of a short and commonly fasciculate root- 

 stock or caudex, naked, not bracteolate under the flower : calyx regularly 5-lobed : 

 corolla with elongated somewhat curved tube, and widely spreading somewhat 

 equally 5-lobed limb, only obscurely bilabiate : stigma peltate and slightly bila- 

 mellar, broad and thin : placentae nearly equidistant : seed-coat thin and minutely 

 reticulated. Fl. summer. — Aphyllon, Mitchell, 1. c. Orohanche § Gymnocaulis^ 

 Nutt. Gen. ii. 59. 0. § Anoplon, Wallr. Orobanch. 66. Anoplanthus § Euano- 

 plon, Endl. Gen. 727. 



A. uniflorum, Gray. Scaly stem short and nearly subterranean, bearing few scapes (a 

 span high): calyx-lobes mostly much longer than the tube, subulate, usually attenuate: 

 corolla violet-tinged (and flower viole^scented, inch long) ; the lobes obovate and rather large. 

 — Man. 1. c. & Bot. Calif, i. 584. Orohanche uniflora, L. ; Bart. Med. Bot. t. 60. 0. biflora, 

 Nutt. 1. c. Phelipcea biflora, Spreng. Syst. ii. 818. Anoplanthus unijlorus, Endl. Iconogr. t. 72 

 (stigma wrong); Reuter in DC. Prodr. xi. 41. Anoplon biflorum, Don, Syst. iv. 633. — 

 Damp woodlands, Newfoundland to Texas, California, and Brit. Columbia : flowers early. 



A. fasciculatum, Gray, 1. c. More pubescent and glandular : stem often emergent and 

 mostly as long as the numerous fascicled peduncles, not rarely shorter : calyx-lobes broadly 

 or triangular-subulate, not longer than the tube, very much shorter than the dull yellow or 

 purplish corolla; lobes of the latter oblong and smaller. — Orobanchefasciculata, 'Nutt. 1. c. ; 

 Hook. n. ii. 93, t. 170. Phelipcea fasciculata, Spreng. 1. c. Anoplanthus fasciculatus, Walp. 

 Repert. iii. 480 ; Reuter in DC. 1. c. — Sandy ground. Lake Michigan and Saskatchewan, 

 southward west of the Mississippi to Arizona, and west to Oregon and California; on 

 Artemisia, Eriogonum, &c. 



Var. luteum, a very caulescent and short-peduncled form, with sulphur-yellow corolla, 

 and whole plant light yellow. — Phelipoea lutea, Parry in Am. Naturalist, viii. 214. — Wy- 

 oming, Parry. Parasitic on roots of grasses. 



§ 2. NoTHAPHYLLON, Gray. Caulescent, and the inflorescence racemose, thyr- 

 soidal, or spicate : pedicels or calyx 1-2-bracteolate : corolla manifestly bilabiate ; 

 upper lip less or not at all 2-cleft : stigma sometimes crateriform : seed-coat 

 favose-reticulated : placentae approximate in pairs. 



* Flowers all manifestly pedicellate: corolla lobes oblong, spreading; upper lip less so. 



A. comosum, Gray. Low, puberulent : short stout stem branching close to the ground : 

 pedicels corymbose or paniculate-racemose, shorter than the (inch or more long) flower : 

 bractlets one or two on the pedicel or sometimes at the base of the flower : calyx deeply 

 5-parted ; lobes subulate-linear and attenuate, about half the length of the pink or pale 

 purple corolla: anthers woolly. —Bot. Calif, i. 584. Orohanche comosa, Hook. PI. ii. 93, 

 t. 169 (but lobes of lower lip seldom so notched). Anoplanthus comosus, "Walp. 1. c. Phelipcea 

 comosa. Gray in Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 118. — Dry hiUs, parasitic on Artemisia, &c., Washington 

 Terr, to California. 



A. Calif ornicum, Gray, 1. c. More pubescent and viscid, and with stouter and simpler 

 stem, about a span high : flowers crowded in an oblong dense raceme or thyrsus : pedicels 

 shorter than calyx : bractlets close to the calyx, and with the subulate-linear lobes of the 

 latter almost equalling the yellowish or purplish corolla; the lobes of which are shorter 

 and less spreading : anthers glabrous or slightly hairy. — Orohanche Californica, Cham. & 

 Schlect. in Linn. iii. 134. Phelipcea Californica, Don. I. c. P. erianthera, Watson, Bot. 

 King, 225, not Engelm. — California and W. Nevada. Lower pedicels soinetimes half inch 

 long ; upper very short. 



