314 LENTIBULARIACEiE. Epiphegus. 



the oblong (white and brownish-striped) corolla about as long as the upper; its lobes 

 oblong, widely spreading: filaments densely bearded at base. — Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 118, & 

 Bot. Calif, i. 585. — California ; on dry steep hills, S. Yuba, Bigelow. Santa Lucia Moun- 

 tains, parasitic on Manzanita-roots, Brewer. San Bernardino Co., Lemmon. (Mex. ?) 



5. EPIPH^G-US, Nutt. (Written Epifdgus.) Beech-drops, Cancer- 

 root. (Composed of ijr/, upon, and cptjyog, Beech, being parasitic on the roots 

 of that tree.) — Single species. 



E. Virginiana, Bart. Annual, slender, a foot or so high, with thickened base produc- 

 ing siiort fibrous matted roots, glabrous, dull purple or yellowish-brown, paniculately 

 branched : scales and bracts minute and sparse : cleistogamous flowers a line and capsules 

 2 lines long : developed corolliferous flowers along the upper part of the branches 3 to 8 

 lines long, purplish and whitish. — Comp. Fl. Philad. ii. 50 ; Gray, Man. 1. c. ; Renter in 

 DC 1. c. 4. E. Americanus, Nutt. Gen. ii. 60; Endl. Iconogr. t. 80. OrohancheVirginiana, L. 

 Leptamnium Virginianum, Raf. in Am. Month. Mag. 1819. Mylanche, Wallr. Orobanch. 75. 

 — Beech woods, New Brunswick to Florida and Missouri : fl. autumn. 



Order XCVIII. LENTIBULARIACE^. 



Herbs, growing in water or wet soil, when terrestrial acaulescent, with scapes 

 or scapiform peduncles simple and one-few-flowered, calcarate corolla always 

 and calyx usually bilabiate, a single (anterior) pair of stamens, confluently one- 

 celled anthers contiguous under the broad stigma, no hypogynous disk, and a free 

 one-celled ovary with free central multiovulate placenta (either sessile or stipi- 

 tate) which becomes a globular many-seeded capsule ; the anatropous seeds with 

 a close coat, no albumen, and filled by the apparently solid ellipsoidal or oblong 

 embryo. Style short or none : stigma bilamellar, or the smaller anterior lip 

 sometimes obsolete. Upper lip of the corolla commonly erect or concave, or the 

 sides replicate, from entire to 2-lobed, interior in the bud ; lower larger, spreading 

 or reflexed, 3-lobed, with a palate projecting into the throat and a nectariferous 

 spur beneath. Flowers always perfect. Capsule commonly bursting irregularly. 



— The following are the two priucijial genera. (For action of bladders of Utri- 

 cularia and leaves of Pinguicula, see Darwin, Insectivorous Plants, p. 368-453.) 



1. UTRICULARIA. Calyx 2-parted or deeply 2-lobed ; lobes mostly entire, nearly equal. 

 Upper lip of strongly bilabiate and more or less personate corolla erect. Filaments thick, 

 strongly arcuate-incurved, the base and apex contiguous. Dissected foliage or stems of 

 aquatic species bladder-bearing. 



2. PINGUICULA. Calyx with upper lip deeply 3- and lower 2-cleft or parted. Corolla 

 ringent or less personate, and the lobes all spreading. Filaments straighter : anthers nearly 

 transverse. Terrestrial, with entire rosulate leaves next the ground. 



1. UTRICULARIA, L. Bladderwort. (Utriculus, a little bladder.) 



— Cosmopolitan small herbs : terrestrial species with inconspicuous or fugacious 

 radical leaves ; aquatic with the dissected leaves, branches, and even roots, bearing 

 little bladders, which are furnished with a valvular lid, and commonly tipped with 

 a few bristles at orifice. Scapes one-flowered or racemosely several-flowered, in 

 summer. — Lentibularia, Vaill. 



§ 1 . Scape bearing an involucriform whorl of dissected leaves, which are buoyant 

 by ample inflated-bladdery petioles filled with air : cauline leaves of the immersed 

 branching stems capillary-dissected and bladder-bearing, in the manner of the fol- 

 lowing section : roots few or none. 



