366 LABIATE. Salvia. 



28. SALVIA, L. Sage. (The old Latin name, from salveo, to save.) — A 

 vast genus, widely dispersed, comparatively few species N. American, and those 

 mainly southward : fl. chiefly in summer. 



S. OFFICINALIS, L., Common Sage, of the Old World, represents the genus in the gardens. 

 S. SPLENDENS, Sellow, of Brazil, and S. fulgens, Cav., of Mexico, are the two commoner 

 red-flowered species of ornamental cultivation. 



§ 1. SalviXstrum, Gray. Throat of the calyx conspicuously bearded and in 

 fruit closed by a ring of long and dense villous hairs : upper lip with 3 broad and 

 short teeth, lower 2-parted into lanceolate teeth, all cuspidate: corolla ringeiit 

 (blue or purple), pilose-annulate within : upper emarginate-2-lobed ; lower ample, 

 with 3 roundish spreading lobes, middle one 2-lobed : stamens separate : lower 

 anther-cells porrect, shorter, more or less polliniferous : nutlets abundantly spiril- 

 liferous: Texan low perennials, simple-stemmed, with copious mostly narrow 

 and entire leaves ; the diminished floral or bracts persistent, subtending 1 to 3 

 flowers ; these racemose or spicate. — Proc. Am. Acad, viii. 308. Salviastrum, 

 Scheele in Linn. xxii. 584; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 1196. § Trichosphace, 

 Engelm. in Bot. Zeit. ix. 45. 



S. Texana, Torr. Stems (a span or two high) with margins of the leaves and the calyx 

 hirsute with long and spreading bristly hairs : flowers spicate, the upper floral leaves not 

 exceeding the calyx, which equals the dilated throat of the widely ringent blue corolla. — 

 Mex. Bound. 132; Gray, 1. c. Salviastrum Texanum, Scheele, 1. c. ; Torr. & Gray, Pacif R. 

 Rep. ii. t. 6. — Open rocky soil, W. Texas to the borders of New Mexico. 



Var. canescens, Gray, 1. c., a form with leaves hoary-white with fine tomentum, 

 all narrowly linear, with strongly revolute margins, and fewer flowers in the axils of the 

 upper ones. — Hills of the Pecos and Rio Grande, S. W. Texas, Wriijht, Schott. 



S. Engelmanni, Gray, 1. c. Minutely puberulent and glabrate, the setose hairs few 

 and scattered or nearly wanting: leaves thinner; lower sometimes denticulate; floral 

 mostly equalling the more scattered flowers : corolla (an inch or mpre long) with narrower 

 tube and throat twice the length of the calyx, light purple. — W. Texas, Wright, Lindheimer. 



§ 2. EcHiNOSPHACE. (§ EcMnosphace & § Pycnosphace, Benth. Lab.) Throat 

 of the calyx villous-hairy or naked : upper lip much longer than the lower, more 

 or less incurved, 3-2-toothed ; the lower 2-parted ; teeth all spinulose-aristate : 

 corolla ringent (blue or purple) ; tube pilose-annulate inside ; upper lip 2-lobed : 

 stamens separate, remote from the upper lip ; lower fork of the long filiform 

 connective bearing a polliniferous anther-cell : Californian winter-annuals ; with 

 pinnatifid leaves, and densely capitate-verticillastrate inflorescence : globular heads 

 many-flowered, involucrate with the persistent bract-like floral leaves. (Called 

 Chia : nutlets abundantly mucilaginous in water, infused for drink.) 



S. carduacea, Benth. White-woolly with lax cobwebby hairs : stem stout, simple, a 

 foot or two high, naked and scape-like, only at base subtended by a cluster of oblong sin- 

 uate-pinnatifid and spinulose-toothed Thistle-like leaves : verticillastrate heads 1 to 4 (an 

 inch or more in diameter), equalled or somewhat surpassed by the involucrate whorl of 

 lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate bracts, which are oftener pectinate with spinescent teeth : 

 calyx long-lanate ; the tube multi-ncrvulose between the principal nerves ; the large upper 

 lip strongly 3-toothed, the middle tooth much the larger, the lateral distant, mostly sur- 

 passing those of the lower lip : throat villous : corolla lavender-color (an inch long) ; its 

 tube slightly exserted ; iippcr lip erose-dentate or fimbriate and 2-cleft ; lower with small 

 lateral erose lobes, and a larger flabelliform and deeply fimbriately multifid middle one : 

 proper filament hardly any : anther-cells pubescent. — Lab. 302, & Prodr. I.e. 349; Hook. 

 Bot. Mag. t. 4874; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 599. S. (Echinosphace) gossijpina, Benth. PI. Hartw. 

 330. — Dry grounds through the lower parts of California, especially southward. 



