388 LABIATiE. 



Stachys. 



obtuse, cordate or roundish-truncate at base, crenate, sometimes bullate-rugulose, not 

 rarely villous-canescent, especially beneath : spike naked, interrupted : teeth of the 

 calyx deltoid-subulate and aristulate-acuminate, fully half the length of the campanulate 

 tube : corolla with the little or more manifestly exserted tube about 4 lines long, nearly 

 equalled by the widely spreading lower lip ; the short upper lip villous or pubescent on 

 the back. — Lab. 647, & DC. 1. c. 474 ; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 606. S. Califomica, & S. Nuttallii, 

 var. ? occidentalis, Benth. in DC. 1. c. 469. S. NuUallli, var. leptostachya, Benth. PI. Hartw! 

 331. S. rigida, Nutt. ex Benth. in DC. 1. c. 472. S. coccinea, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 156, 

 ex Benth. S. syluatka & S. agraria, Torn in Wilkes's Exped. xvii. 408. — California to 

 Oregon, near the coast, and south-eastward to the Mohave. — A variable species : leaves 

 thinner and not rugose when growing in shade. 



++++++ Flowers ample: tube of the rose-red corolla over half inch long, fully twice the length 

 of the lower lip and of the cylindraceous-canipanulate calyx : leaves mostly ample {3 to 5 inches 

 long), petioled, oblong-ovate and subcordate, crenate, veinv : stems 2 to 6 feet high, almost 

 always retrorsely hispid on the angles : verticillastrate clusters of the spike mostly 6-fiowered. 



S. Chamissonis, Benth. Leaves softly villous-canescent beneath, sericeous-hirsute 

 above, oblong-ovate, rather obtuse, rugose-veiny ; petioles retrorsely hispid : short spike 

 mostly naked ; the floral leaves reduced to bracts and shorter than the flowers : calyx 

 densely hirsute-pubescent ; teeth deltoid and cuspidate : tube of corolla commonly three- 

 fourths inch long; outside of the lips (at least of the upper) hirsute-pubescent. — Linn. vi. 

 80; & DC. 1. c. 468; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 155; Gray, Bot, Calif, i. 606. — Calif ornia, 

 in swamps along San Francisco and Bolinas Bay, &c. 



S. ciliata, Dougl. Green and glabrate, or sparsely pilose-pubescent : leaves thin, ovate, 

 mostly acute or acuminate: petioles and angles of the stem retrorsely hispid-ciliate : 

 lower floral leaves often similar to the cauline and much surpassing the flowers ; upper- 

 most reduced to small bracts, merely equalling the calyx, which is more tubular than in 

 the preceding, either nearly glabrous or pilose-pubescent, and the teeth narrower : corolla 

 rather smaller, nearly glabrous. — Benth. Lab. 539, & DC. 1. c. 467. — Oregon to Brit. 

 Columbia along the coast, in damp and shady places. 



Var. pubens.. Soft-pilose-pubescent or villous-hirsute, especially the calyx and lower 

 face of the leaves : flowers commonly rather smaller or shorter. — S. Riederi, Cham. & 

 Benth. 1. c. ? S. palustris, var., Torr. in Wilkes Exped. 1. c. — Washington Terr, to Eraser 

 River, &c. Connects S. ciliata with S. Chamissonis. 



•1— -K- -}— Corolla scarlet-red, with narrow cylindrical tube much exceeding the calyx and the lips : 

 flowers short-pedicelled or subsessile : cauline leaves slender-petioled : pubescence short and soft. 



S. coccinea, Jacq. Rather slender, a foot or two high: leaves ovate-lanceolate with 

 cordate base, or oblong-deltoid, obtuse, crenate (inch or two long) ; floral sessile ; the upper 

 very small : spike interrupted : flowers generally distinctly pedicelled : calyx in flower 

 cylindraceous, with tube twice the length of the slender-subulate teeth (in fruit more cam- 

 panulate), a third to nearly half the length of the (9 to 12 lines long) corolla. — Hort 

 Schoenb. iii. 18, t. 284; Bot. Mag. t. 666; Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 310; Benth. in DC. 1. c. 467. 

 S. cardinalis, Kunze in Bot. Zeit. ii. 645, ex Benth. — W. Texas to S. Arizona. (Mex.) 



S. Bigelovii, Gray. Minutely cinereous-pubescent, slender : foliage, &c., nearly of the 

 preceding : flowers fewer in the clusters, almost sessile : calyx (only 3 lines long) oblong- 

 campanulate ; its teeth broader: tube of the (red'?) corolla only half inch long; lower 

 lip 3 lines long, much larger than the upper. — Proc. Am. Acad. viii. 371. — S. W. Texas, 

 in crevices of basaltic rocks, Wright, Bigelow. 

 Bet6nica officinAhs, L., or Stachys Betonica, Benth., Wood Betony, of Europe, has 



been found in thickets near Boston, an escape from gardens. 



Order CV. PLANTAGINACE^. 



An anomalous order of Gamopetalae, chiefly acaulescent herbs with one-several- 

 ribbed or nerved radical leaves, simply spicate inflorescence, and regular 4-merous 

 flowers having a free ovary, a filiform and entire long-stigmatose style, amphi- 

 tropous and peltate ovules and seeds, a mostly straight embryo in firm-fleshy 

 albumen, the cotyledons little broader than the radicle, and the corolla scarious 



