392 PLANTAGINACEiE. Plantago. 



and short style not protruded. — Spec. i. 113 (Gronov. Virg. 16; Moris. Hist. iii. 259, 

 sect. 8, t. 15, fig. 8); Michx. Fl. i. 94; Gray in Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 117. P. Caroliniana, 

 Walt. Car. 84. P. purpurascens, Nutt. in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. ; the staminate and 

 substerile plant. — Sandy fields, &c., S. New England to S. Illinois, Florida, and Texas. 

 A depauperate form (perpusilla) has a filiform scape an inch high, from an annual root, 

 much exceeding the leaves, and 2-5-flowcred : Florida, Chapman. 



Var. longifolia. A coarser plant : leaves oblong-spatulate, 3 to 5 inches long and 

 tapering into a margined petiole, often with some coarse salient teeth : scapes with the 

 spike 5 to 12 inches long : flowers rather larger. — P. puipurascens, Nutt. 1. c. P. occiden- 

 talis, Decaisne in DC. 1. c. — Arkansas and Texas to S. Arizona. (Adjacent Mex.) 



P. hirtella, HBKl. Root perennial, thick : leaves oblong-ovate or oblong-spatulate, gla- 

 brate, rather fleshy, entire or sparsely denticulate, 5-7-nerved, 4-10 inches long, narrowed 

 into a short and broad base or a broad-margined petiole : scape and long dense spike a foot 

 or two high, stout, hirsute : flowers longer than in the preceding (3 lines long), with corolla- 

 lobes ovate, acute ; those of the fertile closed form with apex of slender stjie commonly 

 protruding and the anthers perhaps sterile. (Staminate and open-flowered form as in P. 

 Virginica or more fertile, but not yet seen from California). — Nov. Gen. & Spec. ii. 229, 

 1. 127 ; Decaisne, in DC. 1. c. 723. P.Hartwegi, Decaisne, 1. c. 724. P. Urvillei, Delile, Cat. 

 Hort. Monsp.? & P. Candollei, Rapin ? P. DurviUei, var. Californica, Fisch. & Meyer, Ind. 

 Sem. Petrop. P. Kamtschatica, Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beech. 156 "? P. Virginica, var. maxima, 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 611. — Coast of California, from San Francisco Bay southward : usually 

 in a remarkably large form. (Mex., Chili.) 



* * Leaves linear or filiform: flowers very small : stamens only 2: small and slender annuals, 

 minutely pubescent or nearly glabrous : the individuals having exserted stamens and style and 

 open corolla not rarely fully fruitful. 



•t— Spike short, thick, and dense, in fruit an inch long: mature capsule 2 lines long. 



P. Bigelovii, Gray. Mostly glabrous and green : leaves 1|^ to 4 inches long, rather 

 fleshy, obtuse, entire, shorter than the scapes : mature capsule ovoid-oblong, half longer 

 than the calyx, 4-seeded : only form known fully fertile, with style conspicuously and 

 the two stamens slightly exserted from the open corolla. — Pacif. R. Rep. iv. 117, & Bot. 

 Calif, i. 612. — Brackish marshes. Bay of San Francisco, California, at Benicia and Oak- 

 land, Bigelow, Greene, Bolander. Vancouver Island, a smaller form, Macoun. 

 ^_ ^^ Spike filiform or slender, at length sparse-flowered, and half inch to three inches long: 

 capsule about a line long: leaves occasionally with a few denticulations or divergent lobes. 



P. pusilla, Nutt. Somewhat cinereous-puberulent : leaves about an inch long and half 

 line wide : capsule short-ovoid, little exceeding the bract and^ calyx, 4-seeded : seeds elon- 

 gated-oblong. — Gen. i. 110, & Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. (excl. syn.) ; Torr. Fl. 184, & Fl. 

 N. Y. ii. 16. P. linearifolia, Muhl. Cat. 15 ? P. hybrida, Bart. Fl. Philad., & Fl. Am. Sept. 

 iii. t. 98, fig. 1. P. Bigelodi, Watson, Bot. King, 212, not Gray, a rather larger-flowered 

 form. — Sandy or gravelly soil, S. New York to Virginia and Louisiana, lUmois, Nebraska ; 

 also Salt Lake, Utah, and interior of Oregon. 



P. heterophylla, Nutt. Greener or nearly glabrous, often taller, and with spikes 2 to 5 

 inches long : leaves sometimes 4 inches long and 1 or 2 lines wide : capsule conoidal-oblong 

 and at length considerably surpassing the bract and calyx, 10-28-seeded : seeds oblong, 

 usually angled by mutual pressure, obscurely rugose-pitted. — Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. n. 

 ser. V. 177 (char, imperfect) ; Gray, Man. 1. c. ; Chapm. Fl. 278. P. Caroliniana, Pursh, Fl. 

 i. 98? not Walt. P. perpusilla, Decaisne in DC. 1. c. 697. — Low sandy ground, Penn. to 

 Florida, Texas, and Arkansas. 

 P. MEDIA, L., enumerated by Muhlenberg as of the United States, is not met with in this 



country. 

 P. cucullAta, Lam., which is P. maxima, Jacq., another Old- World species, said by Pursh 



to inhabit Canada and Maine, is not found. Pursh may have taken a large P. Rugelii for it. 

 P. elgngAta, Pursh, Fl. ii. 729, of Bradbury's collection on the Missouri, is unknown ; 



probably a glabrate form of P. Patagonica. 

 P. glAbra, Nutt. Gen. i. 100, on arid soil near Fort Mandan, on the Upper Missouri, is not 



identified ; perhaps a form of P. eriopodu, Torr., with loose spike. 



