54 MICRO-ORGANISMS AND DISEASE. [CHAP. 



the heart (Heiberg, 1 Maier, 2 Eberth, 3 Koster, 4 Klebs 5 ). Heiberg 

 saw the micrococci forming chains in the muscle of the heart, 

 in the detritus of the ulcerations of the endocardium, in the 

 plugs in the vessels of the spleen and kidney. 



7. Micrococcus scarlatina. In scarlatina Coze and Feltz 6 

 described micrococci as occurring in the blood ; as I have 

 mentioned above, I have seen them in the ulcerations of the 

 throat, 7 and quite recently Pohl-Pincus 8 described very minute 

 micrococci adhering to the scales of the desquamating epidermis 

 in scarlatina. They form small colonies, and stain violet with 

 a saturated solution of methyl violet. Their diameter is very 

 small, only about O'OOOS mm. The same micrococci were 

 noticed by Pohl-Pincus in the throat-discharge. 9 



8. In the so-called cattle plague (or rinderpest) micrococci 

 have been found in the lymphatic glands by Klebs (1872) and 

 by Semmer in the blood and lymphatic glands (1874 and 

 1881). In conjunction with Archangelski, 10 Semmer cultivated 

 the micrococci, obtained from the lymphatic glands of a sheep 

 dead of inoculated rinderpest, in beef broth, in meat-extract 

 solution, and in mixture of broth, peptone, and gelatine at 

 37-39 C. The micrococci grew very copiously as zooglcea 

 and in chains. With these micrococci (of a first transfer or 

 cultivation) a calf was inoculated, and died after seven days 

 from rinderpest. The cultures when transferred lose gradually 

 their virulence from one generation to the next, but animals 

 (sheep) inoculated with these are protected against further 

 virulent disease. Further, cultures exposed for an hour to a 

 temperature of 46-47 C. become greatly attenuated in their 

 action, and sheep inoculated with virus thus attenuated are 

 protected against virulent material. Temperatures of -10 to 

 -20 annihilate the activity of rinderpest organisms. The 

 specific nature of these micrococci of rinderpest cannot, 

 however, be considered at all established as in the case of 

 those mentioned above, e.g. micrococci of erysipelas and 

 gonorrhoea. 



9. In puerperal fever micrococci have been found in the form 

 of zoogloea by Heiberg, 11 in all affected organs endocardium, 



1 Virchow's Archiv, vol 56. 2 Ibid vol. 62. 



3 Ibid. vol. 57. 4 Ibid vol 72. 



5 Archiv f. exp. Path. Bd 9. 6 Malad. infect. 1872. 



7 Report of the Medical Officer of the Privy Council for 1876. 



8 Centralb.f. d. med. Wiss. No. 36, 1883. 



9 Seen already by McKendrick, British Med Journal. 1872. 



10 Centralb. /. d. med. Wiss. No. 18, 1883. " Leipzig, 187R. 



