70 MICRO-ORGANISMS AND DISEASE. [CHAP. 



was still^ contained within the sheath, and now the spore is 

 free. Under the most favourable conditions a spore may be 

 formed in each elementary mass of protoplasm, or it may be 

 only in a small number. In the first case : a consecutive series 

 of spores is present in tlie bacilli, two spores if the bacillus is 



FIG 36. THE SAME BACILLUS AS IN PRECEDING FIGURE. 

 At 1, spores have made their appearance. 



composed of two elementary cells, four in a chain of four 

 elementary cells, or a vast number in a leptothrix. In the 

 second case : a bacillus composed of two or four elementary 

 cells may contain only one spore at one end or in the middle, 

 or one at each end, or two together in the middle ; in the 



FIG. 37. THE SAME BACILLUS AS IN FIG. SS. BACILLUS SUBTILIS OF HAY 



PRECEDING FIGURE. INFUSION. 



Some of the spores are germinating At 1, spores are germinating into 



into bacilli. bacilli. 



leptothrix spores are seen only at comparatively long intervals. 

 The position of the spore in the bacillus is generally so that 

 the long axis of the spore is parallel to that of the bacillus ; 

 but exceptionally it may be placed obliquely or even trans- 

 versely. The baciMi in which spore-formation has set in are 

 always much thicker, twice or more, than those in which no 



