258 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS 



Yellow - rattle root knot. Black gouty swellings are 

 formed at the base of the stem or the root of Rhinanthus 

 crista-galli, by Ephelina radicalis (Mass.) ; spores slightly but 

 distinctly club-shaped, 10X4-5 p. 



Dr. Cooke states that he observed stylospores on the 

 stroma early in the season, fusiform, acute, 3-septate, 

 70X5 /*. This description suggests a Fusarium, which may 

 possibly have been accidentally present. The point requires 

 investigation. 



PHACIDIUM (FRIES.) 



Ascophores scattered, formed in the substance of the leaf, 

 on which they develop, disc exposed by the splitting of the 

 epidermis of the leaf into several sharp teeth, spores 8 in an 

 ascus, arranged in two irregular rows, hyaline, elongated, 

 continuous. 



Growing on leaves, mostly saprophytes, recognised by the 

 epidermis of the leaf splitting into several acute teeth, and 

 exposing the disc. 



Pine leaf fungus (Phacidium infestans^ Karst.) appears 

 under the form of small, scattered, circular blackish spots on 

 living leaves of the Scots fir (Pinus stlvestris). When 

 mature, the epidermis of the leaf splits from the centre into 

 several irregular teeth, exposing the pale disc. Asci clavate, 

 spores fusiform, 22-23X7-10 /x; paraphyses numerous, very 

 slender. 



This fungus is apparently rare in this country, but is said 

 to be very injurious to the Scots fir in Finland. 



TYMPANIS (TODE.) 



Ascophores gregarious, bursting through to the surface 

 from an immersed stroma, closed at first, then expanding, 

 dingy, often covered with white scurf; asci clavate, containing 

 numerous minute, hyaline, continuous spores. 



Growing on branches, probably many of our species are 

 parasites. In some species eight large spores are present in 

 an ascus in addition to numerous minute ones, which 

 suggests that the minute spores are produced by budding 

 from the larger ones, as in Taphrina, Exoascus, and some 

 species of Nectria. 



