274 DISEASES OF CULTIVATED PLANTS 



of the leaves should be prevented as much as possible. There 

 are two distinct means of effecting this. As such infection 

 proceeds from the fungus fruit borne on mummified chestnut 

 fruits, all such should be collected and destroyed. Some 

 such often remain hanging on the tree throughout the 

 winter, and in the spring produce the Monilia stage, the 

 spores of which would at once infect young leaves and fruit. 

 The ascigerous condition of the fungus only develops on 

 mummified fruit that has been lying on the ground during the 

 winter. The second protective measure is spraying the trees 

 with Bordeaux mixture when the leaves are young. 



Prillieux, Bull, de la Soc. Bot., 39, June 22 and Dec. 9 

 (1892). 



Prillieux, Malad. des Plantes Agric., 2, p. 439 (1897). 



Prillieux and Delacroix, Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr., 9, p. 196 

 (1893). 



Woronin, Mem. de FAcad. Set. St. Peter sb., 1892, p. 17. 



Sclerotinia candolleana (Fckl.) occurs on the fallen leaves 

 of sweet chestnut and oak, but in all probability infection 

 occurs when the leaves are living. The ascophores spring 

 from small black sclerotia embedded in the leaf; ascophore 

 brown, 2-4 mm. broad, stem very slender. Spores 7-9 x 3-4 p. 



Sclerotinia curreyana (Karst.) grows in the pith of various 

 species of Juncus ; the small black sclerotium is embedded 

 in the culm, and bears several small brown ascophores on 

 slender stems. Spores 8-14 x 2-3 /x,. 



Sclerotinia duriaeaina (Quel.) grows in the culms of various 

 sedges (Carex) ; the small black, elongated sclerotium eventu- 

 ally bears a few ascophores supported on slender stems. 

 Spores 10-15x6-8 /z. 



Eye grain fungus. Prillieux has given an account of a 

 remarkable fungus which imparts poisonous properties to the 

 grain of rye. Bread made from such infected rye produces 

 serious effects within two hours, lassitude and absolute in- 

 capacity to perform any kind of work for at least twenty-four 

 hours follows ; men working out in the fields find themselves 

 unable to return home unaided. The effect on animals that 

 eat the bread is similar to that produced on human beings ; 

 they become languid and refuse to eat or drink for twenty- 

 four hours. The effect is not similar to that produced by 



