MELAMPSORELLA 327 



yellow, 10-12 //, diam. Paraphyses hyaline, with large sub- 

 globose heads. 



Teleutospores cylindrical, polygonal in section, brown, 

 50-55 x 10 /x. Sori yellow, then brown, at last black. 



Plowright, Zeitschr.filr Pflanzenkr., i, p. 131 (1891). 



Larch leaf rust (Melampsora laricis, Hartig, =Caeoma 

 laricis, Hartig), during its aecidium stage, forms yellow 

 pustules on larch leaves, causing them to wither and fall. 

 The branches are not attacked. The uredospore and teleuto- 

 spore stages grow on poplar leaves. It is highly probable 

 that this fungus, also Melampsora betulina, are identical with 

 Melampsora pinitorqua. 



Hartig, Allgem. Forst. u.Jagd. Zeit., 1885, p. 356. 



MELAMPSORELLA (SCHROT.) 



Teleutospore i -celled, produced in the epidermal cells of 

 the host, confluent in wide, crust-like patches ; uredospores 

 echinulate, enclosed in a peridium. 



Witches' brooms of silver fir. The aecidium stage of 

 Melampsorella caryophyllacearum, Schrot (=M. cerastii, 

 Schrot, and Peridermium elatinum, Wallr.), forms cankered 

 swellings on the trunk and branches of the silver fir. From 

 these swollen places witches' brooms often originate, and are 

 readily recognised, even at a distance, by growing quite erect. 

 The leaves on the brooms are small and yellow, and fall 

 about the end of August, being deciduous. Aecidia are 

 only formed on the leaves of the brooms, and not on the 

 swollen portion of the branch, as in other species. The bark 

 is ruptured and thrown off at the cankered swellings, which 

 consequently often serve as a starting-point for wound- 

 parasites, Polyporus, agarics, etc. 



The uredo and teleutospore stages grow on the leaves and 

 stem of various common caryophyllaceous weeds, Stellaria 

 media, S. nemorum, S. holostea, Arenaria serpyllifolia^ Ceras- 

 tium triviale, etc. 



Aecidiospores elliptical or polygonal, orange, coarsely 

 warted, 16-30X14-17 /*. 



Uredospores orange, delicately warted, 20-35 X 12-18 /A. 



Teleutospores sori often spreading over entire under- 

 surface of leaf, reddish ; teleutospores produced in the cells 



