170 THE DOGS OF THE BEITISH ISLANDS. 



The hocks should be straight and near the ground ; the feet should turn out, but in 

 other respects resemble the fore feet. 



14. The size (value 5) should, on the average, in the male, not exceed 501b. 



15. Coat and colour (value 5). The coat should be fine, short, even, and close ; 

 the colours are white, brindled, fallow, or red, or pied with one of these colours ; 

 and white or red smut, fallow or fawn smut that is, with black faces. Black 

 is objected to. 



16. Symmetry (value 5) depends on shape, style, and finish, united with action ; 

 this last is peculiar, and consists in a lurch or roll, depending on the width of this 

 dog's shoulders, and the formation of his hind legs rendering it difficult for him to 

 raise them high from the ground. 



Since the last edition of the "Dogs of the British Islands" was published, 

 several well-known breeders of the bulldog have either died, or have retired from 

 the fancy, as is the case with Mr. H. Brown, Mr. Mundell, and the two Lamphiers. 

 Among the latter, Mr. Shirley and Mr. E. J. LI. Price have given up the breed, and 

 the names of Messrs. Henshall, Stockdale, Tyser, Fulton, and many others, have 

 disappeared from the .prize list. In the present day, Mr. G. A. Dawes, of 

 Leamington ; Mr. G. Eaper, of Stockton-on-Tees ; Mr. James Taylor, of Eochdale ; 

 Mr. Harding Cox ; Mr. Adcock, of Wigan ; Mr. James Berrie (one of the oldest and 

 most enthusiastic fanciers now), Mr. Layton, Mr. T. H. Joyce, and Mr. Vero Shaw, 

 of London, have many good specimens of the type I have endeavoured to describe 

 in the foregoing notes. 



Mr. Vero Shaw has kindly placed his kennel at my disposal for illustration, 

 and I have selected two specimens from it which show the peculiarities of the 

 breed in a marked degree. The foreshortened sketch of the dog exhibits the 

 formation of the chest, shoulders, width of skull, and " rose " carriage of ears, 

 peculiar to the breed, while the bitch's side view shows her wonderfully short face 

 and " reached " loin, rarely met with to the same extent. Their pedigrees are as 

 follow : The dog, Smasher, by Master Gully out of Nettle, by Sir Anthony. The 

 bitch Sugar (formerly Lily), is by the Abbott out of Mr. J. L. Ashburne's Lola, and 

 was bred by the latter gentleman. 



THE ENGLISH MASTIFF. 



Like the bulldog, the old English mastiff was bred in this country in the 

 earliest times of which we have any reliable record ; but, whether in these former 

 ages the two breeds were distinctly separate, and whether the modern bulldog and 

 mastiff can be traced to one or the other of them, are points which must ever 

 remain unsettled. Mr. F. Adcock and Mr. Kingdon would no doubt write half a 

 dozen volumes in support of the superior antiquity and purity of their respective 

 proteges ; but, after all, a jury empanelled to deliver a verdict between them would 

 probably be discharged without agreement upon it, and I shall not certainly 

 attempt to do that which I think a 12-man engine would fail in doing. My 

 object is simply to describe the mastiff as I find him; but, nevertheless, I 



