THE CYPRINOIDS 169 



I. Dorsal fin long, with 14 to 23 branched rays; 

 anal fin short ; last simple ray of each more 

 or less distinctly spinous and serrated. 



A. Two barbels on each side of the mouth ; 



caudal fin strongly emarginate . I. Carp 



B. No barbels ; caudal fin slightly or moder- 



ately emarginate. 



Dorsal spine feeble, finely serrated ; anterior 

 branched rays increasing in length backwards, 

 the edge of the fin convex ; 6J to 9 scales 

 between origin of dorsal fin and lateral 

 line 2. Crucian Carp 



Dorsal spine strong and coarsely serrated ; anterior 

 branched rays the longest, the edge of the fin 

 straight or concave ; 5 to 6J scales between origin 

 of dorsal fin and lateral line . . .3. Gold-fish 



II. Dorsal and anal fins short or of moderate 

 length, neither with more than 1 3 branched 

 rays. 



A. Mouth with barbels. 



Mouth inferior ; two barbels on each side ; last simple 

 ray of dorsal fin a serrated spine; 52 to 70 



scales in the lateral line 4. Barbel 



Mouth inferior ; one barbel on each side ; no 

 dorsal spine; 39 to 45 scales in the lateral 



line 5. Gudgeon 



Mouth terminal ; a small barbel on each side ; 



scales small 6. Tench 



B. No barbels. 



i. Scales small; each tubule of the 

 lateral line extending the whole 

 length of the exposed part of the 

 scale 7. Minnow 



