Should this pest ever become established here it would mean the ruin of the stone 

 fruit industry of the north. It will be seen that practically all varieties of fruit are 

 attacked, and the measures taken to keep this fly out of New Zealand can not be too 

 severe. 



Some persons evidently quite without knowledge of the subject, have expressed the 

 opinion that New Zealand is too cool for the Fruit Fly to breed. There is absolutely 

 no ground for such an opinion to rest upon, as the following information will show : 



(He then gives statistics showing that adult flies have been bred in temperatures 

 down to 32 Fahrenheit. ) 



In winter, however, I have had the insect remain in chrysalis stage for seven 

 months and then emerge." * * * 



Mr. Kirk's statements alone are convincing and alarming enough, but 

 we have much more of a like character. Mr. Lounsbury of Cape Town, 

 South Africa, informed us while here two years ago that the Government 

 was furnishing growers netting to cover over their fruit trees, as this 

 was the only way they could produce it free from maggots. Even as far 

 back as 1899 this method was pursued in Natal and Cape Colony. Dur- 

 ing that year Mr. Lounsbury states that only 4,000 yards two yards wide 

 was used, and that the growers did not take to this method of eradication. 



In Western Australia the Government bought all the fruit for one 

 season in an infested district and had it all burned in the hopes of 

 stamping out the pest. But the next year the fly appeared quite as 

 numerous as ever. This was, of course, accounted for by the fact that 

 it was impossible to destroy all the wild fruit and berries, etc. 



Mr. Gurney of New South Wales gives us some interesting data 

 regarding the resistancy of this fly to any form of treatment, Among 

 other things he states : 



Burying fly-infected fruit can not be advocated. Pupae buried six, eight, and 

 twelve inches below the surface of the soil hatched, and adult flies readily made their 

 way to the surface in all cases. 



Burning or boiling infected fruits is the most effective and satisfactory method 

 of destruction. The maggots are not readily destroyed by liquids. After six hours 

 in salt water some maggots pupated and developed into flies. Infected fruit was 

 submerged in salt water (sea water) for periods varying from six to forty-five hours. 

 In each case a large percentage of the maggots therein developed into adult flies. 

 Some maggots immersed in methylated spirits for up to half an hour survived, and 

 some survived dipping in kerosene. Though eventually the maggots would perish in 

 the above fluids, yet these experiments indicate that no casual treatment (such as 

 throwing infected fruit into a creek, wetting fruit with oils, etc.) can be considered 

 a safe method for the destruction of maggot-infected fruit. 



There is no doubt as to the seriousness of this pest in the minds of the 

 Hawaiian authorities, as shown by the following quarantine rule: 



BULE VII. 



Rule and regulation by the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry con- 

 cerning the prevention of distribution of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly from Oahu 

 to the other islands. 



The Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry of the Territory of 

 Hawaii hereby make the following rule and regulation : 



SECTION 1. For the purpose of preventing the spread of the Mediterranean Fruit 

 Fly (Ceratatis capitata) from the island of Oahu, territory of Hawaii, where the 

 same has established itself, to any other island in the territory, all persons and corpo- 

 rations are hereby prohibited from carry or shipping oranges, lemons, limes, mangoes, 

 alligator pears, guavas, peaches or other soft-ineated fruits grown on said island of 

 Oahu to any other island in the territory. 



SEC. 2. Any person or corporation violating the above rule shall be guilty of a 

 misdemeanor, and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed five hundred dollars, as 

 provided by section 390 of the Revised Laws of Hawaii as amended by Act 82 of the 

 Session Laws of 1905 and Act 112 of the Session Laws of 1907. 



SEC. 3. This regulation shall take effect from and after the approval thereof by 

 the Governor. 

 Approved : 



W. F. FREAR, 

 Governor of Hawaii. 

 Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii. November 21, 1910. 



