THE GRAPE. 



511 



in the spring and autumn, and to counteract any sudden cold changes 

 of atmosphere, this most admirable fruit may easily be produced for the 

 dessert from May till December. Indeed, by vineries constructed in 

 divisions, in some of which vines are forced and in others retarded, some 

 have Grapes nearly every month in the year. 



Construction of the Vinery. The vinery with fire-heat may be 

 built of wood, and in the same simple manner as just described, with the 

 addition of a flue above the surface of the ground, running close along 

 the end, two feet from the front wall, and about a foot from the back 

 wall, and returning into a chimney in the back wall over the furnace.* 



For the sake of permanence, however, a vinery of this kind is usu- 

 ally built of brick ; the ends and front wall eight inches thick ; the back 

 wall a foot thick or eight inches, with occasional abutments to increase 

 its strength. In fig. 38 

 (I) is shown a simple plan 

 of a vinery of this kind. 

 In this the surface of the 

 ground is shown at a, be- 

 low which the foundation 

 walls are sunk three feet. 

 Above the surface the 

 front wall, 6, rises two 

 feet, the back wall, c, 

 twelve feet, and the width 

 of the house is fourteen 

 feet. On these walls are 

 placed the rafters, from 

 three to four feet distant. 



In the present example 

 the flues are kept out of 

 the way, and the space 

 clear, by placing them in 

 a square walled space di- 



i J.T -n J.T Plan and Section of a Vinery, with Fire-heat. 



rectly under the walk ; the 



walk itself being formed by an open grating or lattice, through which 

 the heat rises freely. The arrangement of the flue will be better under- 

 stood by referring to the ground plan (II). In this the furnace is indi- 

 cated at dj in the back wall ;f from this the flue rises gradually to e, 

 whence it continues nearly the length of the house, and returning enters 

 the chimney at f. For the convenience of shelter, firing, etc., it is usual 

 to have a back shed, g^ behind the back wall. In this shed may be a bin 

 for wood or coals, and a sunk area (shown in the dotted lines around 

 cZ, y), with steps to descend to the furnace and ash-pit. There are two 

 doors, h, in the vinery at either end of the walk. 



* Heating by hot water is considered more successful in its results, because 

 of enabling- a more even and steady temperature to be maintained. The ex- 

 pense is somewhat greater at first but in the end, perhaps, most economical. $ 



f This furnace should be placed two feet below the level of the flue at e, in 

 order to secure a draught, after which it may be carried quite level till it enters 

 the chimney. An air-chamber may be formed round it, with a register to admit 

 heated air to the house when necessary. A furnace fourteen inches square and 

 deep, with an ash-pit below, in which anthracite coal is burned, will be found a 

 very easy and perfect mode of heating a house of this width, and thirty feet 

 long. 



