962 THE RASPBERRY. 



long lines of rods or rails, like an espalier, by which means they are 

 more fully exposed to the sun and light. 



For field culture, the European varieties ought to be planted four or 

 five feet apart each way, which gives room for the plow and cultivator to 

 work both ways. The Black Cap varieties should be five or six feet 

 each way, and the growing canes of these should be stopped or shortened 

 in when about three feet high, which causes them to grow stocky and 

 throw out lateral shoots, and these should be cut back to within eighteen 

 inches or two feet the following spring. 



A fine crop of the autumnal varieties of raspberries is readily ob- 

 tained by cutting down the canes over the whole stool, in the spring, to 

 within a few inches of the ground. They will then shoot up new wood, 

 which comes into bearing in August or September. 



We have found a light application of salt, given with the top-dressing 

 of manure in the spring, to have a most beneficial effect on the vigor of 

 the plants and the size of the fruit. 



A plantation of raspberries will be in perfection at the third year, 

 and after it has borne about eight or ten years it must be broken up 

 and a new one formed on another plot of ground. 



All the raspberries except the hardy American varieties should be 

 pruned in the fall. After which bend the canes gently on the ground, 

 and cover them an inch or two deep with earth ; let them remain in the 

 spring until the cold winds are over, or until the buds begin to swell, 

 then take them up and tie them to stakes or frames. 



Varieties. The finest raspberries in general cultivation for the 

 dessert are the Hudson River Antwerp, Fastollf, Orange, Belle de 

 Pallan, Knevett's Giant, French, Franconia, and Clarke. 



The common American Red is most esteemed for flavoring liqueurs 

 or making brandy, and the American Black is preferred by most persons 

 for cooking and drying. The Ever-bearing varieties are valuable for 

 prolonging the season of this fruit till late frosts. 



ALLEN. 

 Allen's Antwerp. English Red Cane. False Red Antwerp. 



The origin of this variety is unknown. It is said by F. R. Elliott 

 to have been brought to Cleveland by an English gardener, and was, by 

 Mr. Elliott, sent to W. H. Sotham, Black Rock, N. Y., from whose gar- 

 >den Lewis F. Allen obtained it. Canes strong, vigorous, upright, some- 

 what branching. Spines purplish, quite numerous. This and the fol- 

 lowing, in foliage and fruit, are similar to American Red, and no doubt 

 are improved seedlings of it, or a cross between it and some foreign sort, 

 both throw up a large quantity of suckers, which should not be allowed 

 to grow if a crop of fruit is wanted. 



Fruit medium, nearly globular, light red, juicy, not very firm ; sep- 

 .arates freely ; mild, pleasant flavor. 



ALLEN'S RED PROLIFIC. 



Same origin as the preceding. Canes strong, upright, without 

 branches. Spines whitish, rather scattering. 



Fruit medium, nearly globular, light red or crimson, rather juicy, 

 not very firm, separates freely, productive. 



