PENGUINS. 



547 



pair of yellow crests on the sides of the head, which are continued forwards as 

 streaks above the eyes to the neighbourhood of the base of the beak. In the rock- 

 hopper these crests are much elongated, attaining a length of from 3 to 5 inches, 

 while in the New Zealand species they are much shorter, never exceeding a couple 

 of inches in length. The total length attained by the latter species is 27 inches. 

 Nearly allied is the little blue penguin (Eudyptula minor), of Southern Australia 



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ROCK-HorPER PENGUINS (J nat. size). 



and New Zealand, which does not measure more than 19 inches in length, and has 

 no yellow streaks or crests on the head ; the general colour of the plumage of the 

 upper-parts being light blue, with a median black line down each feather, while 

 the under-parts are dazzling white. Fossil remains of both these genera occur in 

 the superficial deposits of New Zealand. The remaining penguins are included in 

 the genus Spheniscus, of which the black-footed penguin (S. demersus), of South 

 Africa, Humboldt's penguin (8. humholdti), of Western South America, and the 

 jackass penguin (8. magellanicus), of the Falkland Islands are well-known examples. 



